_start: AREA SQUAREPGM , CODE, READONLY ENTRY START LDR R0, = TABLE1 ; Load start address of Lookup table LDR R1,= #3 ; Load no whose square is to be find MOV R1, R1, LSL#0x2 ; Generate address corresponding to square of given no ADD R0, R0, R1 ; Load address of element in Lookup table LDR R3, [R0] ; Get square of given no in R3 SS B SS ;Lookup table contains Squares of numbers from 0 to 10 (in hex) TABLE1 DCD 0X00000000; SQUARE OF 0=0 DCD 0X00000001; SQUARE OF 1=1 DCD 0X00000004; SQUARE OF 2=4 DCD 0X00000009; SQUARE OF 3=9 DCD 0X00000010; SQUARE OF 4=16 DCD 0X00000019; SQUARE OF 5=25 DCD 0X00000024; SQUARE OF 6=36 DCD 0X00000031; SQUARE OF 7=49 DCD 0X00000040; SQUARE OF 8=64 DCD 0X00000051; SQUARE OF 9=81 DCD 0X00000064; SQUARE OF 10=100 END
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Assembly language(asm) is a low-level programming language, where the language instructions will be more similar to machine code instructions.
Every assembler may have it's own assembly language designed for a specific computers or an operating system.
Assembly language requires less execution time and memory. It is more helful for direct hardware manipulation, real-time critical applications. It is used in device drivers, low-level embedded systems etc.
Assembly language usually consists of three sections,
Data section
To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section
To declare variables
text section
_start
specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.
There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.
variable-name define-directive initial-value
Define Directive | Description | Allocated Space |
---|---|---|
DB | Define Byte | 1 byte |
DW | Define Word | 2 bytes |
DD | Define Doubleword | 4 bytes |
DQ | Define Quadword | 8 bytes |
DT | Define Ten Bytes | 10 bytes |
Define Directive | Description |
---|---|
RESB | Reserve a Byte |
RESW | Reserve a Word |
RESD | Reserve a Doubleword |
RESQ | Reserve a Quadword |
REST | Reserve a Ten Bytes |
Constants can be defined using
CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value
%assign constant_name value
%define constant_name value
Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.
mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1
where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.
Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
procedure_name:
;procedure body
ret