0000000000001000 <_init>:
1000: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1004: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
1008: 48 8b 05 d9 2f 00 00 mov 0x2fd9(%rip),%rax # 3fe8 <__gmon_start__>
100f: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
1012: 74 02 je 1016 <_init+0x16>
1014: ff d0 callq *%rax
1016: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
101a: c3 retq
Disassembly of section .plt:
0000000000001020 <.plt>:
1020: ff 35 8a 2f 00 00 pushq 0x2f8a(%rip) # 3fb0 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x8>
1026: f2 ff 25 8b 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f8b(%rip) # 3fb8 <_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_+0x10>
102d: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
1030: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1034: 68 00 00 00 00 pushq $0x0
1039: f2 e9 e1 ff ff ff bnd jmpq 1020 <.plt>
103f: 90 nop
1040: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1044: 68 01 00 00 00 pushq $0x1
1049: f2 e9 d1 ff ff ff bnd jmpq 1020 <.plt>
104f: 90 nop
1050: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1054: 68 02 00 00 00 pushq $0x2
1059: f2 e9 c1 ff ff ff bnd jmpq 1020 <.plt>
105f: 90 nop
Disassembly of section .plt.got:
0000000000001060 <__cxa_finalize@plt>:
1060: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1064: f2 ff 25 8d 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f8d(%rip) # 3ff8 <__cxa_finalize@GLIBC_2.2.5>
106b: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
Disassembly of section .plt.sec:
0000000000001070 <putchar@plt>:
1070: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1074: f2 ff 25 45 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f45(%rip) # 3fc0 <putchar@GLIBC_2.2.5>
107b: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
0000000000001080 <__stack_chk_fail@plt>:
1080: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1084: f2 ff 25 3d 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f3d(%rip) # 3fc8 <__stack_chk_fail@GLIBC_2.4>
108b: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
0000000000001090 <sleep@plt>:
1090: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1094: f2 ff 25 35 2f 00 00 bnd jmpq *0x2f35(%rip) # 3fd0 <sleep@GLIBC_2.2.5>
109b: 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
Disassembly of section .text:
00000000000010a0 <_start>:
10a0: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
10a4: 31 ed xor %ebp,%ebp
10a6: 49 89 d1 mov %rdx,%r9
10a9: 5e pop %rsi
10aa: 48 89 e2 mov %rsp,%rdx
10ad: 48 83 e4 f0 and $0xfffffffffffffff0,%rsp
10b1: 50 push %rax
10b2: 54 push %rsp
10b3: 4c 8d 05 36 02 00 00 lea 0x236(%rip),%r8 # 12f0 <__libc_csu_fini>
10ba: 48 8d 0d bf 01 00 00 lea 0x1bf(%rip),%rcx # 1280 <__libc_csu_init>
10c1: 48 8d 3d c1 00 00 00 lea 0xc1(%rip),%rdi # 1189 <main>
10c8: ff 15 12 2f 00 00 callq *0x2f12(%rip) # 3fe0 <__libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5>
10ce: f4 hlt
10cf: 90 nop
00000000000010d0 <deregister_tm_clones>:
10d0: 48 8d 3d 39 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f39(%rip),%rdi # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
10d7: 48 8d 05 32 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f32(%rip),%rax # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
10de: 48 39 f8 cmp %rdi,%rax
10e1: 74 15 je 10f8 <deregister_tm_clones+0x28>
10e3: 48 8b 05 ee 2e 00 00 mov 0x2eee(%rip),%rax # 3fd8 <_ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable>
10ea: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
10ed: 74 09 je 10f8 <deregister_tm_clones+0x28>
10ef: ff e0 jmpq *%rax
10f1: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
10f8: c3 retq
10f9: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
0000000000001100 <register_tm_clones>:
1100: 48 8d 3d 09 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f09(%rip),%rdi # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
1107: 48 8d 35 02 2f 00 00 lea 0x2f02(%rip),%rsi # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
110e: 48 29 fe sub %rdi,%rsi
1111: 48 89 f0 mov %rsi,%rax
1114: 48 c1 ee 3f shr $0x3f,%rsi
1118: 48 c1 f8 03 sar $0x3,%rax
111c: 48 01 c6 add %rax,%rsi
111f: 48 d1 fe sar %rsi
1122: 74 14 je 1138 <register_tm_clones+0x38>
1124: 48 8b 05 c5 2e 00 00 mov 0x2ec5(%rip),%rax # 3ff0 <_ITM_registerTMCloneTable>
112b: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
112e: 74 08 je 1138 <register_tm_clones+0x38>
1130: ff e0 jmpq *%rax
1132: 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
1138: c3 retq
1139: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
0000000000001140 <__do_global_dtors_aux>:
1140: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1144: 80 3d c5 2e 00 00 00 cmpb $0x0,0x2ec5(%rip) # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
114b: 75 2b jne 1178 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x38>
114d: 55 push %rbp
114e: 48 83 3d a2 2e 00 00 cmpq $0x0,0x2ea2(%rip) # 3ff8 <__cxa_finalize@GLIBC_2.2.5>
1155: 00
1156: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
1159: 74 0c je 1167 <__do_global_dtors_aux+0x27>
115b: 48 8b 3d a6 2e 00 00 mov 0x2ea6(%rip),%rdi # 4008 <__dso_handle>
1162: e8 f9 fe ff ff callq 1060 <__cxa_finalize@plt>
1167: e8 64 ff ff ff callq 10d0 <deregister_tm_clones>
116c: c6 05 9d 2e 00 00 01 movb $0x1,0x2e9d(%rip) # 4010 <__TMC_END__>
1173: 5d pop %rbp
1174: c3 retq
1175: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
1178: c3 retq
1179: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
0000000000001180 <frame_dummy>:
1180: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1184: e9 77 ff ff ff jmpq 1100 <register_tm_clones>
0000000000001189 <main>:
1189: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
118d: 55 push %rbp
118e: 48 89 e5 mov %rsp,%rbp
1191: 48 83 ec 30 sub $0x30,%rsp
1195: 64 48 8b 04 25 28 00 mov %fs:0x28,%rax
119c: 00 00
119e: 48 89 45 f8 mov %rax,-0x8(%rbp)
11a2: 31 c0 xor %eax,%eax
11a4: 48 b8 de fd f8 46 02 movabs $0x246f8fdde,%rax
11ab: 00 00 00
11ae: 48 89 45 d8 mov %rax,-0x28(%rbp)
11b2: e9 96 00 00 00 jmpq 124d <main+0xc4>
11b7: 48 83 7d d8 01 cmpq $0x1,-0x28(%rbp)
11bc: 77 57 ja 1215 <main+0x8c>
11be: 48 b8 e6 ea e9 e4 e7 movabs $0x8e90dee7e4e9eae6,%rax
11c5: de 90 8e
11c8: 48 ba e5 c6 ce fa e7 movabs $0xc994d0e7facec6e5,%rdx
11cf: d0 94 c9
11d2: 48 89 45 e0 mov %rax,-0x20(%rbp)
11d6: 48 89 55 e8 mov %rdx,-0x18(%rbp)
11da: c7 45 f0 8e fa 90 92 movl $0x9290fa8e,-0x10(%rbp)
11e1: 66 c7 45 f4 d7 d8 movw $0xd8d7,-0xc(%rbp)
11e7: c7 45 d4 00 00 00 00 movl $0x0,-0x2c(%rbp)
11ee: eb 1a jmp 120a <main+0x81>
11f0: 8b 45 d4 mov -0x2c(%rbp),%eax
11f3: 48 98 cltq
11f5: 0f b6 44 05 e0 movzbl -0x20(%rbp,%rax,1),%eax
11fa: 0f be c0 movsbl %al,%eax
11fd: 34 a5 xor $0xa5,%al
11ff: 89 c7 mov %eax,%edi
1201: e8 6a fe ff ff callq 1070 <putchar@plt>
1206: 83 45 d4 01 addl $0x1,-0x2c(%rbp)
120a: 8b 45 d4 mov -0x2c(%rbp),%eax
120d: 83 f8 15 cmp $0x15,%eax
1210: 76 de jbe 11f0 <main+0x67>
1212: 90 nop
1213: eb 43 jmp 1258 <main+0xcf>
1215: 48 8b 45 d8 mov -0x28(%rbp),%rax
1219: 83 e0 01 and $0x1,%eax
121c: 48 85 c0 test %rax,%rax
121f: 74 17 je 1238 <main+0xaf>
1221: 48 8b 55 d8 mov -0x28(%rbp),%rdx
1225: 48 89 d0 mov %rdx,%rax
1228: 48 01 c0 add %rax,%rax
122b: 48 01 d0 add %rdx,%rax
122e: 48 83 c0 01 add $0x1,%rax
1232: 48 89 45 d8 mov %rax,-0x28(%rbp)
1236: eb 0b jmp 1243 <main+0xba>
1238: 48 8b 45 d8 mov -0x28(%rbp),%rax
123c: 48 d1 e8 shr %rax
123f: 48 89 45 d8 mov %rax,-0x28(%rbp)
1243: bf 01 00 00 00 mov $0x1,%edi
1248: e8 43 fe ff ff callq 1090 <sleep@plt>
124d: 48 83 7d d8 00 cmpq $0x0,-0x28(%rbp)
1252: 0f 85 5f ff ff ff jne 11b7 <main+0x2e>
1258: b8 00 00 00 00 mov $0x0,%eax
125d: 48 8b 4d f8 mov -0x8(%rbp),%rcx
1261: 64 48 33 0c 25 28 00 xor %fs:0x28,%rcx
1268: 00 00
126a: 74 05 je 1271 <main+0xe8>
126c: e8 0f fe ff ff callq 1080 <__stack_chk_fail@plt>
1271: c9 leaveq
1272: c3 retq
1273: 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 nopw %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
127a: 00 00 00
127d: 0f 1f 00 nopl (%rax)
0000000000001280 <__libc_csu_init>:
1280: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
1284: 41 57 push %r15
1286: 4c 8d 3d 1b 2b 00 00 lea 0x2b1b(%rip),%r15 # 3da8 <__frame_dummy_init_array_entry>
128d: 41 56 push %r14
128f: 49 89 d6 mov %rdx,%r14
1292: 41 55 push %r13
1294: 49 89 f5 mov %rsi,%r13
1297: 41 54 push %r12
1299: 41 89 fc mov %edi,%r12d
129c: 55 push %rbp
129d: 48 8d 2d 0c 2b 00 00 lea 0x2b0c(%rip),%rbp # 3db0 <__do_global_dtors_aux_fini_array_entry>
12a4: 53 push %rbx
12a5: 4c 29 fd sub %r15,%rbp
12a8: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
12ac: e8 4f fd ff ff callq 1000 <_init>
12b1: 48 c1 fd 03 sar $0x3,%rbp
12b5: 74 1f je 12d6 <__libc_csu_init+0x56>
12b7: 31 db xor %ebx,%ebx
12b9: 0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00 nopl 0x0(%rax)
12c0: 4c 89 f2 mov %r14,%rdx
12c3: 4c 89 ee mov %r13,%rsi
12c6: 44 89 e7 mov %r12d,%edi
12c9: 41 ff 14 df callq *(%r15,%rbx,8)
12cd: 48 83 c3 01 add $0x1,%rbx
12d1: 48 39 dd cmp %rbx,%rbp
12d4: 75 ea jne 12c0 <__libc_csu_init+0x40>
12d6: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
12da: 5b pop %rbx
12db: 5d pop %rbp
12dc: 41 5c pop %r12
12de: 41 5d pop %r13
12e0: 41 5e pop %r14
12e2: 41 5f pop %r15
12e4: c3 retq
12e5: 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 data16 nopw %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
12ec: 00 00 00 00
00000000000012f0 <__libc_csu_fini>:
12f0: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
12f4: c3 retq
Disassembly of section .fini:
00000000000012f8 <_fini>:
12f8: f3 0f 1e fa endbr64
12fc: 48 83 ec 08 sub $0x8,%rsp
1300: 48 83 c4 08 add $0x8,%rsp
1304: c3 retq
Write, Run & Share Assembly code online using OneCompiler's Assembly online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for Assembly language. Getting started with the OneCompiler's Assembly compiler is simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as Assembly and start coding.
Assembly language(asm) is a low-level programming language, where the language instructions will be more similar to machine code instructions.
Every assembler may have it's own assembly language designed for a specific computers or an operating system.
Assembly language requires less execution time and memory. It is more helful for direct hardware manipulation, real-time critical applications. It is used in device drivers, low-level embedded systems etc.
Assembly language usually consists of three sections,
Data section
To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section
To declare variables
text section
_start specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.
There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.
variable-name define-directive initial-value
| Define Directive | Description | Allocated Space |
|---|---|---|
| DB | Define Byte | 1 byte |
| DW | Define Word | 2 bytes |
| DD | Define Doubleword | 4 bytes |
| DQ | Define Quadword | 8 bytes |
| DT | Define Ten Bytes | 10 bytes |
| Define Directive | Description |
|---|---|
| RESB | Reserve a Byte |
| RESW | Reserve a Word |
| RESD | Reserve a Doubleword |
| RESQ | Reserve a Quadword |
| REST | Reserve a Ten Bytes |
Constants can be defined using
CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value
%assign constant_name value
%define constant_name value
Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.
mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1
where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.
Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
procedure_name:
;procedure body
ret