section .data prompt1 db "Enter weight in kilograms: " prompt1_len equ $ - prompt1 prompt2 db "Enter height in meters: " prompt2_len equ $ - prompt2 result db "Your BMI is: " result_len equ $ - result section .bss weight resb 4 height resb 4 bmi resb 4 section .text global _start _start: ; Display prompt1 mov eax, 4 mov ebx, 1 mov ecx, prompt1 mov edx, prompt1_len int 0x80 ; Read weight input mov eax, 3 mov ebx, 0 mov ecx, weight mov edx, 4 int 0x80 ; Display prompt2 mov eax, 4 mov ebx, 1 mov ecx, prompt2 mov edx, prompt2_len int 0x80 ; Read height input mov eax, 3 mov ebx, 0 mov ecx, height mov edx, 4 int 0x80 ; Convert weight to floating-point mov eax, dword [weight] mov dword [esp], eax fld dword [esp] ; Convert height to floating-point mov eax, dword [height] mov dword [esp], eax fld dword [esp] ; Calculate BMI fdiv fstp dword [bmi] ; Display result mov eax, 4 mov ebx, 1 mov ecx, result mov edx, result_len int 0x80 ; Convert BMI to integer mov eax, dword [bmi] fild dword [eax] fistp dword [eax] ; Display BMI mov eax, 4 mov ebx, 1 mov ecx, bmi mov edx, 4 int 0x80 ; Exit the program mov eax, 1 xor ebx, ebx int 0x80
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Assembly language(asm) is a low-level programming language, where the language instructions will be more similar to machine code instructions.
Every assembler may have it's own assembly language designed for a specific computers or an operating system.
Assembly language requires less execution time and memory. It is more helful for direct hardware manipulation, real-time critical applications. It is used in device drivers, low-level embedded systems etc.
Assembly language usually consists of three sections,
Data section
To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section
To declare variables
text section
_start
specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.
There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.
variable-name define-directive initial-value
Define Directive | Description | Allocated Space |
---|---|---|
DB | Define Byte | 1 byte |
DW | Define Word | 2 bytes |
DD | Define Doubleword | 4 bytes |
DQ | Define Quadword | 8 bytes |
DT | Define Ten Bytes | 10 bytes |
Define Directive | Description |
---|---|
RESB | Reserve a Byte |
RESW | Reserve a Word |
RESD | Reserve a Doubleword |
RESQ | Reserve a Quadword |
REST | Reserve a Ten Bytes |
Constants can be defined using
CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value
%assign constant_name value
%define constant_name value
Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.
mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1
where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.
Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
procedure_name:
;procedure body
ret