;.model small ;.stack 100h .data num1 dw ? num2 dw ? num3 dw ? result_msg db 'The largest number is: $' .code mov ax, @data mov ds, ax ; Prompt user for the first number mov ah, 9 lea dx, prompt1 int 21h ; Read the first number mov ah, 1 int 21h sub al, '0' mov num1, ax ; Prompt user for the second number mov ah, 9 lea dx, prompt2 int 21h ; Read the second number mov ah, 1 int 21h sub al, '0' mov num2, ax ; Prompt user for the third number mov ah, 9 lea dx, prompt3 int 21h ; Read the third number mov ah, 1 int 21h sub al, '0' mov num3, ax ; Compare the three numbers mov ax, num1 cmp ax, num2 jg check_num1_greater mov ax, num2 cmp ax, num3 jg check_num2_greater jmp check_num3_greater check_num1_greater: mov ax, num1 jmp print_result check_num2_greater: mov ax, num2 jmp print_result check_num3_greater: mov ax, num3 print_result: ; Display the result mov ah, 9 lea dx, result_msg int 21h add ax, '0' mov dl, al mov ah, 2 int 21h exit_program: mov ah, 4Ch int 21h end
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Assembly language(asm) is a low-level programming language, where the language instructions will be more similar to machine code instructions.
Every assembler may have it's own assembly language designed for a specific computers or an operating system.
Assembly language requires less execution time and memory. It is more helful for direct hardware manipulation, real-time critical applications. It is used in device drivers, low-level embedded systems etc.
Assembly language usually consists of three sections,
Data section
To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section
To declare variables
text section
_start
specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.
There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.
variable-name define-directive initial-value
Define Directive | Description | Allocated Space |
---|---|---|
DB | Define Byte | 1 byte |
DW | Define Word | 2 bytes |
DD | Define Doubleword | 4 bytes |
DQ | Define Quadword | 8 bytes |
DT | Define Ten Bytes | 10 bytes |
Define Directive | Description |
---|---|
RESB | Reserve a Byte |
RESW | Reserve a Word |
RESD | Reserve a Doubleword |
RESQ | Reserve a Quadword |
REST | Reserve a Ten Bytes |
Constants can be defined using
CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value
%assign constant_name value
%define constant_name value
Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.
mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1
where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.
Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
procedure_name:
;procedure body
ret