 ; ICT170 12-HOUR CLOCK ASSIGN 2

.model small
.stack 100H

.DATA
S DB ?			; seconds
M DB ?			; minutes
H DB ?			; hours
MSG1 DB "Input Second Start (0-9): $"
MSG2 DB "Input Minute Start (0-9): $"
MSG3 DB "Input Hour Start (0-9): $"
DIG1 DB ?
DIG2 DB ?
B1 DB ?

.CODE
MAIN PROC

; Initializing data
MOV AX, @DATA
MOV DS, AX

_Counter:

	MOV CX, 43200	; for 12-hour clock loop, since clock increments by 1 "second", 43200 seconds = 12 hours

_UserInputs:		; proc for inputting starting second, minute, hour

	MOV AH, 9	; sets AH value for DOS interrupt string display
	LEA DX, MSG1	; MSG1 display, asks user for value of SECOND
	INT 21H

	MOV AH, 1	; sets AH value for DOS interrupt character input, SECOND value
	INT 21H		; SECOND stored in AL
	SUB AL, 30H	; ASCII to DECIMAL conversion
	MOV S, AL	; User defines SECOND
	CALL _NewLine	; CALLS new line proc, creates new line

	MOV AH, 9	; sets AH value for DOS interrupt string display
	LEA DX, MSG2	; MSG2 display, asks user for value of MINUTES
	INT 21H

	MOV AH, 1	; sets AH value for DOS interrupt character input, MINUTE value
	INT 21H		; MINUTE stored in AL
	SUB AL, 30H	; ASCII to DECIMAL conversion
	MOV M, AL	; User defines MINUTE
	CALL _NewLine	; CALLS new line proc, creates new line

	MOV AH, 9	; sets AH value for DOS interrupt string display
	LEA DX, MSG3	; MSG2 display, asks user for value of HOUR
	INT 21H

	MOV AH, 1	; sets AH value for DOS interrupt character input, HOUR value
	INT 21H		; MINUTE stored in AL
	SUB AL, 30H	; ASCII to DECIMAL conversion
	MOV H, AL	; User defines MINUTE
	CALL _NewLine	; CALLS new line proc, creates new line
	JMP _Clock

_NewLine:		; NewLine procedure 
	
	MOV DL, 10	; moves the ASCII value of 'enter' into DL
	MOV AH, 2	; 
	INT 21H
	RET		; returns to caller

_TwoDigits:

	XOR AH, AH
	MOV B1, 10
	DIV B1

	MOV DIG1, AL
	MOV DIG2, AH
	
	MOV DL, DIG1
	ADD DL, 30H
	MOV AH, 02H
	INT 21H

	MOV DL, DIG2
	ADD DL, 30H
	INT 21H
	
	MOV DL, 10
	MOV AH, 2
	INT 21
	RET

_Clock:

	INC S		; One SECOND
	MOV AL, S	; Places SECOND inside AL
	XOR AH, AH	; AH is cleared
	MOV B1, 60
	DIV B1
	MOV S, AH

	CMP AL, 1
	JNZ _skip
	INC M
	_skip:
	MOV AL, M
	XOR AH, AH
	
	DIV B1
	MOV M, AH
	CMP AL, 1
	JNZ _skip1
	INC H
	_skip1:
	MOV AL, H

	CMP AL, 12
	JNZ _display
	MOV AL, 0
	MOV H, AL

_display:
	
	MOV AL, H
	CALL _TwoDigits
	
	MOV AH, 2
	MOV DL, ':'
	INT 21H
	
	MOV AL, M
	CALL _TwoDigits
	
	MOV AH, 2
	MOV DL, ':'
	INT 21H

	MOV AL, S
	CALL _TwoDigits

	CALL _NewLine

	LOOP _CLock
	
; VICTORYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYYY

MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H

MAIN ENDP
END MAIN

created 1 year ago

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Syntax help

Assembly language usually consists of three sections,

Data section

To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section

To declare variables
text section

_start specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.

Variables

There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.

1. To allocate storage space to Initialized data

Syntax

variable-name    define-directive    initial-value

Define Directive	Description	Allocated Space
DB	Define Byte	1 byte
DW	Define Word	2 bytes
DD	Define Doubleword	4 bytes
DQ	Define Quadword	8 bytes
DT	Define Ten Bytes	10 bytes

2. To allocate storage space to un-initialized data

Define Directive	Description
RESB	Reserve a Byte
RESW	Reserve a Word
RESD	Reserve a Doubleword
RESQ	Reserve a Quadword
REST	Reserve a Ten Bytes

Constants

Constants can be defined using

1. equ

To define numeric constants

CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value

2. %assign

To define numeric constants.

%assign constant_name value

3. %define

To define numeric or string constants.

%define constant_name value

Loops

Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.

mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1

where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.

Procedures

Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.

procedure_name:
   ;procedure body
   ret