section .data result_message db "Result is true.",0 false_message db "Result is false.", 0 section .text global _start _start: ;Assune same boolean values in memory mov eax, 0 ;Set EAX to 1 (true) mov ebx,0 ;set EeX to 0 (false) mov ecx, 1 ;Set ECX to 1 (true) ;Evaluate the conditional expression: (EAX AND ECX) OR (EbX AND EAX) test eax, eax ;Test if EAX is true jnz first_true ; Jump if true test ebx, ebx ; Test iF EGX ïs true jnz second_true;Jump if true jmp false_result; Jump to false_result if neither condition is true first_true: test ecx, ecx ;Test if ECX is true jnz true_result ;Jump to true_result if true second_true: true_result: ;If we reached here, the result is true mov edx, 16 mov ecx, result_message mov ebx, 1 mov eax, 4 int 80h jmp done false_result: ;If we reached here, the result is false mov edx, 16 mov ecx, false_message mov ebx, 1 mov eax, 4 int 80h done: ;Terminate the progron mov eax, 1 xor ebx, ebx int 80h
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Assembly language(asm) is a low-level programming language, where the language instructions will be more similar to machine code instructions.
Every assembler may have it's own assembly language designed for a specific computers or an operating system.
Assembly language requires less execution time and memory. It is more helful for direct hardware manipulation, real-time critical applications. It is used in device drivers, low-level embedded systems etc.
Assembly language usually consists of three sections,
Data section
To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section
To declare variables
text section
_start
specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.
There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.
variable-name define-directive initial-value
Define Directive | Description | Allocated Space |
---|---|---|
DB | Define Byte | 1 byte |
DW | Define Word | 2 bytes |
DD | Define Doubleword | 4 bytes |
DQ | Define Quadword | 8 bytes |
DT | Define Ten Bytes | 10 bytes |
Define Directive | Description |
---|---|
RESB | Reserve a Byte |
RESW | Reserve a Word |
RESD | Reserve a Doubleword |
RESQ | Reserve a Quadword |
REST | Reserve a Ten Bytes |
Constants can be defined using
CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value
%assign constant_name value
%define constant_name value
Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.
mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1
where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.
Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
procedure_name:
;procedure body
ret