.data secretNumber DWORD ? guess DWORD ? message1 BYTE "Welcome to the Number Guessing Game!", 0 message2 BYTE "Try to guess the secret number between 1 and 100.", 0 message3 BYTE "Enter your guess: ", 0 message4 BYTE "Congratulations! You guessed the number.", 0 message5 BYTE "Sorry, that's not the correct number. Try again.", 0 .code main PROC ; Initialize random number generator call Randomize ; Generate a random number between 1 and 100 call RandomRange, 1, 100, secretNumber ; Display welcome message and instructions mov edx, OFFSET message1 call WriteString mov edx, OFFSET message2 call WriteString guessLoop: ; Prompt user to enter their guess mov edx, OFFSET message3 call WriteString call ReadInt ; Read user's guess mov guess, eax ; Store guess ; Compare the guess with the secret number cmp eax, secretNumber je congratsMessage ; If guess equals secret number, jump to congratsMessage jg highGuessMessage ; If guess is greater than secret number, jump to highGuessMessage jl lowGuessMessage ; If guess is less than secret number, jump to lowGuessMessage highGuessMessage: ; Display message for high guess mov edx, OFFSET message5 call WriteString jmp guessLoop ; Continue looping lowGuessMessage: ; Display message for low guess mov edx, OFFSET message5 call WriteString jmp guessLoop ; Continue looping congratsMessage: ; Display congratulations message mov edx, OFFSET message4 call WriteString exit: call Crlf call WaitMsg invoke ExitProcess, 0 main ENDP END main
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Assembly language(asm) is a low-level programming language, where the language instructions will be more similar to machine code instructions.
Every assembler may have it's own assembly language designed for a specific computers or an operating system.
Assembly language requires less execution time and memory. It is more helful for direct hardware manipulation, real-time critical applications. It is used in device drivers, low-level embedded systems etc.
Assembly language usually consists of three sections,
Data section
To initialize variables and constants, buffer size these values doesn't change at runtime.
bss section
To declare variables
text section
_start
specifies the starting of this section where the actually code is written.
There are various define directives to allocate space for variables for both initialized and uninitialized data.
variable-name define-directive initial-value
Define Directive | Description | Allocated Space |
---|---|---|
DB | Define Byte | 1 byte |
DW | Define Word | 2 bytes |
DD | Define Doubleword | 4 bytes |
DQ | Define Quadword | 8 bytes |
DT | Define Ten Bytes | 10 bytes |
Define Directive | Description |
---|---|
RESB | Reserve a Byte |
RESW | Reserve a Word |
RESD | Reserve a Doubleword |
RESQ | Reserve a Quadword |
REST | Reserve a Ten Bytes |
Constants can be defined using
CONSTANT_NAME EQU regular-exp or value
%assign constant_name value
%define constant_name value
Loops are used to iterate a set of statements for a specific number of times.
mov ECX,n
L1:
;<loop body>
loop L1
where n specifies the no of times loops should iterate.
Procedure is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually procedures are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
procedure_name:
;procedure body
ret