#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX 200001
#define MOD 1000000007
#define MAXPOW 60

long factorial[MAX];
long nums[MAX][60];


long numbelow(int n, long lim){
    
    if(lim == 0){
        return 0;
    }
    else{
        if(n == 1){
            return 1;
        }
        long toret = ((n - 1)*factorial[n - 1])%MOD;
        for(int i = 0; ((long)1<<(i + 1)) < lim && i < n; i++){
            toret = (toret + nums[n - 2][i])%MOD;
        }
        return toret%MOD;
    }
    return 0;
}

int main() {
    factorial[0] = 1;
    for(int i = 1; i < MAX; i++){
        factorial[i] = (i*factorial[i - 1])%MOD;
    }
    for(int i = 0; i < MAX; i++){
        for(int j = 0; j < MAXPOW; j++){
            nums[i][j] = 0;
        }
    }
    nums[0][0] = 1;
    for(int i = 1; i < MAX; i++){
        nums[i][0] = (i*nums[i - 1][0])%MOD;
        for(int j = 1; j < MAXPOW; j++){
            nums[i][j] = (i*nums[i - 1][j] + nums[i - 1][j - 1])%MOD;
        }
    }
    int t;
    scanf("%d\n", &t);
    
    for(int t_itr = 0; t_itr < t; t_itr++){
        int n;
        long l, r;
        scanf("%d %ld %ld\n", &n, &l, &r);
        if(l > r){
            printf("0\n");
        }
        else if(n == 1){
            if(l <= 1 && r > 1){
                printf("1\n");
            }
            else{
                printf("0\n");
            }
        }
        else{
            printf("%ld\n", (numbelow(n, r + 1) + MOD - numbelow(n, l))%MOD);
        }
    }
}

C Language online compiler

Write, Run & Share C Language code online using OneCompiler's C online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for C language, running the latest C version which is C18. Getting started with the OneCompiler's C editor is really simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as 'C' and start coding!

Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C online editor supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample C program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    char name[50];
    printf("Enter name:");
    scanf("%s", name);
    printf("Hello %s \n" , name );
    return 0;
    
}

About C

C language is one of the most popular general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell laboratories for UNIX operating system. The initial release of C Language was in the year 1972. Most of the desktop operating systems are written in C Language.

Key features:

  • Structured Programming
  • Popular system programming language
  • UNIX, MySQL and Oracle are completely written in C.
  • Supports variety of platforms
  • Efficient and also handle low-level activities.
  • As fast as assembly language and hence used as system development language.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition if-else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   // code
} else {
   // code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and if-else-if ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to if-else-if ladder.

switch(conditional-expression) {    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
...    
    
default:     
 // code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  // code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while(condition) {  
 // code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {
  // code 
} while (condition);

Arrays

Array is a collection of similar data which is stored in continuous memory addresses. Array values can be fetched using index. Index starts from 0 to size-1.

Syntax

One dimentional Array:

data-type array-name[size];

Two dimensional array:

data-type array-name[size][size];

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.

Two types of functions are present in C

  1. Library Functions:

Library functions are the in-built functions which are declared in header files like printf(),scanf(),puts(),gets() etc.,

  1. User defined functions:

User defined functions are the ones which are written by the programmer based on the requirement.

How to declare a Function

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
  //code
}