// C program to segregate even and odd nodes in a
// Linked List
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

/* a node of the singly linked list */
struct Node
{
	int data;
	struct Node *next;
};

void segregateEvenOdd(struct Node **head_ref)
{
	struct Node *end = *head_ref;
	struct Node *prev = NULL;
	struct Node *curr = *head_ref;

	/* Get pointer to the last node */
	while (end->next != NULL)
		end = end->next;

	struct Node *new_end = end;

	/* Consider all odd nodes before the first even node
	and move then after end */
	while (curr->data %2 != 0 && curr != end)
	{
		new_end->next = curr;
		curr = curr->next;
		new_end->next->next = NULL;
		new_end = new_end->next;
	}

	// 10->8->17->17->15
	/* Do following steps only if there is any even node */
	if (curr->data%2 == 0)
	{
		/* Change the head pointer to point to first even node */
		*head_ref = curr;

		/* now current points to the first even node */
		while (curr != end)
		{
			if ( (curr->data)%2 == 0 )
			{
				prev = curr;
				curr = curr->next;
			}
			else
			{
				/* break the link between prev and current */
				prev->next = curr->next;

				/* Make next of curr as NULL */
				curr->next = NULL;

				/* Move curr to end */
				new_end->next = curr;

				/* make curr as new end of list */
				new_end = curr;

				/* Update current pointer to next of the moved node */
				curr = prev->next;
			}
		}
	}

	/* We must have prev set before executing lines following this
	statement */
	else prev = curr;

	/* If there are more than 1 odd nodes and end of original list is
	odd then move this node to end to maintain same order of odd
	numbers in modified list */
	if (new_end!=end && (end->data)%2 != 0)
	{
		prev->next = end->next;
		end->next = NULL;
	new_end->next = end;
	}
	return;
}

/* UTILITY FUNCTIONS */
/* Function to insert a node at the beginning */
void push(struct Node** head_ref, int new_data)
{
	/* allocate node */
	struct Node* new_node =
		(struct Node*) malloc(sizeof(struct Node));

	/* put in the data */
	new_node->data = new_data;

	/* link the old list off the new node */
	new_node->next = (*head_ref);

	/* move the head to point to the new node */
	(*head_ref) = new_node;
}

/* Function to print nodes in a given linked list */
void printList(struct Node *node)
{
	while (node!=NULL)
	{
		printf("%d ", node->data);
		node = node->next;
	}
}

/* Driver program to test above functions*/
int main()
{
	/* Start with the empty list */
	struct Node* head = NULL;

	/* Let us create a sample linked list as following
	0->2->4->6->8->10->11 */

	push(&head,88 );
	push(&head, 6);
	push(&head, 7);
	push(&head, 8);
	push(&head, 9);
	push(&head, 10);
	push(&head, 11);

	printf("\nOriginal Linked list \n");
	printList(head);

	segregateEvenOdd(&head);

	printf("\nModified Linked list \n");
	printList(head);

	return 0;
}
 
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About C

C language is one of the most popular general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell laboratories for UNIX operating system. The initial release of C Language was in the year 1972. Most of the desktop operating systems are written in C Language.

Key features:

  • Structured Programming
  • Popular system programming language
  • UNIX, MySQL and Oracle are completely written in C.
  • Supports variety of platforms
  • Efficient and also handle low-level activities.
  • As fast as assembly language and hence used as system development language.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition if-else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   // code
} else {
   // code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and if-else-if ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to if-else-if ladder.

switch(conditional-expression) {    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
...    
    
default:     
 // code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
} 

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  // code  
} 

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while(condition) {  
 // code 
}  

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {
  // code 
} while (condition); 

Arrays

Array is a collection of similar data which is stored in continuous memory addresses. Array values can be fetched using index. Index starts from 0 to size-1.

Syntax

One dimentional Array:

data-type array-name[size];

Two dimensional array:

data-type array-name[size][size];

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.

Two types of functions are present in C

  1. Library Functions:

Library functions are the in-built functions which are declared in header files like printf(),scanf(),puts(),gets() etc.,

  1. User defined functions:

User defined functions are the ones which are written by the programmer based on the requirement.

How to declare a Function

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
  //code
}