#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_STUDENTS 100

struct student {
    char name[50];
    int reg_no;
    char programme[50];
    char school[50];
    float cgpa;
    int rank;
};

int main() {
    FILE *fp, *mp;
    char line[200];
    int num_students = 0;
    struct student students[MAX_STUDENTS];
    int num_failures = 0;

    // open student details file for reading
    fp = fopen("student_details.txt", "r");

    if (fp == NULL) {
        // file does not exist, create it
        fp = fopen("student_details.txt", "w");
        if (fp == NULL) {
            printf("Error: could not create file\n");
            return 1;
        }
    } else {
        // read data from file and store in array
        while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fp)) {
            sscanf(line, "%[^,], %d, %[^,], %[^,], %f, %d",
                students[num_students].name,
                &students[num_students].reg_no,
                students[num_students].programme,
                students[num_students].school,
                &students[num_students].cgpa,
                &students[num_students].rank);
            num_students++;
        }
    }

    // close student details file
    fclose(fp);

    // sort array by CGPA (descending order)
    for (int i = 0; i < num_students - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < num_students; j++) {
            if (students[i].cgpa < students[j].cgpa) {
                // swap students i and j
                struct student temp = students[i];
                students[i] = students[j];
                students[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }

    // update ranks based on sorted order
    for (int i = 0; i < num_students; i++) {
        students[i].rank = i + 1;
    }

    // open student details file for writing
    fp = fopen("student_details.txt", "w");

    // write updated data to file
    for (int i = 0; i < num_students; i++) {
        fprintf(fp, "%s, %d, %s, %s, %f, %d\n",
            students[i].name,
            students[i].reg_no,
            students[i].programme,
            students[i].school,
            students[i].cgpa,
            students[i].rank);
        if (students[i].cgpa < 4.0) {
            // student has failed
            num_failures++;
            if (num_failures == 1) {
                // open monitor file for writing
                mp = fopen("monitor.txt", "w");
                fprintf(mp, "Students who scored less than 4.0 CGPA:\n");
            }
            fprintf(mp, "%s, %d, %s, %s, %f, %d\n",
                students[i].name,
                students[i].reg_no,
                students[i].programme,
                students[i].school,
                students[i].cgpa,
                students[i].rank);
        }
    }

    // close files
    fclose(fp);
    if (num_failures > 0) {
        fclose(mp);
        printf("Ranking has been updated and saved to student_details.txt\n");
        printf("%d student(s) failed\n", num_failures);
        printf("Details of students who failed have been saved to monitor.txt\n");
} else {
printf("Ranking has been updated and saved to student_details.txt\n");
printf("All students passed\n");
}
return 0;
}
 

C Language online compiler

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Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C online editor supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample C program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
    char name[50];
    printf("Enter name:");
    scanf("%s", name);
    printf("Hello %s \n" , name );
    return 0;
    
}

About C

C language is one of the most popular general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell laboratories for UNIX operating system. The initial release of C Language was in the year 1972. Most of the desktop operating systems are written in C Language.

Key features:

  • Structured Programming
  • Popular system programming language
  • UNIX, MySQL and Oracle are completely written in C.
  • Supports variety of platforms
  • Efficient and also handle low-level activities.
  • As fast as assembly language and hence used as system development language.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition if-else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   // code
} else {
   // code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and if-else-if ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to if-else-if ladder.

switch(conditional-expression) {    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
...    
    
default:     
 // code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
} 

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  // code  
} 

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while(condition) {  
 // code 
}  

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {
  // code 
} while (condition); 

Arrays

Array is a collection of similar data which is stored in continuous memory addresses. Array values can be fetched using index. Index starts from 0 to size-1.

Syntax

One dimentional Array:

data-type array-name[size];

Two dimensional array:

data-type array-name[size][size];

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.

Two types of functions are present in C

  1. Library Functions:

Library functions are the in-built functions which are declared in header files like printf(),scanf(),puts(),gets() etc.,

  1. User defined functions:

User defined functions are the ones which are written by the programmer based on the requirement.

How to declare a Function

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
  //code
}