#include <iostream>
#include <stdio>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class Node
{
public:
int coefficient, exponent;
Node *next;
Node(int c, int e)
{
coefficient = c;
exponent = e;
next = NULL;
}
};
class PolynomialExpression
{
public:
Node *head, *tail;
PolynomialExpression()
{
head = NULL;
tail = NULL;
}
void appendNode(int, int);
void printPolynomial();
friend PolynomialExpression add(PolynomialExpression, PolynomialExpression);
};
void PolynomialExpression::appendNode(int c, int e)
{
Node *newNode = new Node(c, e);
if(head == NULL)
{
head = newNode;
tail = newNode;
}
else
{
Node *prev = NULL, *curr = head;
while(curr != NULL && curr->exponent>e)
{
prev = curr;
curr = curr->next;
}
if(curr != NULL && curr->exponent == e)
{
curr->coefficient += c;
if(curr->coefficient == 0)
{
if(curr == head)
{
head = curr->next;
}
else if(curr == tail)
{
tail = prev;
prev->next = NULL;
}
else
{
prev->next = curr->next;
}
delete curr;
}
else
{
delete newNode;
}
}
else
{
if(curr == head)
{
head = newNode;
}
else
{
prev->next = newNode;
}
newNode->next = curr;
if(curr == NULL)
{
tail = newNode;
}
}
}
}
PolynomialExpression add(PolynomialExpression exp1, PolynomialExpression
exp2)
{
PolynomialExpression result;
Node *temp1 = exp1.head, *temp2 = exp2.head;
while(temp1 != NULL && temp2 != NULL)
{
if(temp1->exponent == temp2->exponent)
{
int sum = temp1->coefficient + temp2->coefficient;
if(sum != 0)
{
result.appendNode(sum, temp1->exponent);
}
temp1 = temp1->next;
temp2 = temp2->next;
}
else if(temp1->exponent>temp2->exponent)
{
result.appendNode(temp1->coefficient, temp1->exponent);
temp1 = temp1->next;
}
else
{
result.appendNode(temp2->coefficient, temp2->exponent);
temp2 = temp2->next;
}
}
while(temp1 != NULL)
{
result.appendNode(temp1->coefficient, temp1->exponent);
temp1 = temp1->next;
}
while(temp2 != NULL)
{
result.appendNode(temp2->coefficient, temp2->exponent);
temp2 = temp2->next;
}
return result;
}
PolynomialExpression getPolynomialExpression(string polynomialStr)
{
PolynomialExpression exp;
int len = polynomialStr.length();
int i = 0;
while(i<len)
{
int sign = 1;
if(polynomialStr[i] == ‘-‘)
{
sign = -1;
i++;
}
else if(polynomialStr[i] == ‘+’)
{
sign = 1;
i++;
}
int coefficient = 0, exponent = 0;
while(i < len && polynomialStr[i]>=’0’ && polynomialStr[i] <= ‘9’)
{
coefficient = coefficient * 10 + (polynomialStr[i] - ’0’);
i++;
}
if(i < len && polynomialStr[i] == ‘x’)
{
i++;
if(i < len && polynomialStr[i] == ‘^’)
{
i++;
while(i < len && polynomialStr[i] >= ‘0’ && polynomialStr[i] <= ‘9’)
{
exponent = exponent * 10 + (polynomialStr[i] – ‘0’);
i++;
}
}
else
{
exponent = 1;
}
}
else
{
exponent = 0;
}
coefficient *= sign;
exp.appendNode(coefficient, exponent);
}
return exp;
}
void PolynomialExpression::printPolynomial()
{
Node *temp = head;
while(temp != NULL)
{
cout <<showpos <<temp->coefficient;
cout <<noshowpos <<”x^”<<temp->exponent;
temp = temp->next;
}
}
int main()
{
string polynomialStr1, polynomialStr2;
cin >>polynomialStr1>>polynomialStr2;
int len1 = polynomialStr1.length();
int len2 = polynomialStr2.length();
if(len1<5 || len1>1000)
{
cout <<”Length of expression 1 not in boundary” ;
}
if(len2 <5 || len2>1000)
{
cout <<”Length of expression 2 not in boundary”;
}
PolynomialExpression exp1 = getPolynomialExpression(polynomialStr1);
PolynomialExpression exp2 = getPolynomialExpression(polynomialStr2);
PolynomialExpression result = add(exp1, exp2);
printf(“Polynomial Addition: “ );
result.printPolynomial();
}
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#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char name[50];
printf("Enter name:");
scanf("%s", name);
printf("Hello %s \n" , name );
return 0;
}
C language is one of the most popular general-purpose programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell laboratories for UNIX operating system. The initial release of C Language was in the year 1972. Most of the desktop operating systems are written in C Language.
When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition if-else is used.
if(conditional-expression) {
// code
} else {
// code
}
You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and if-else-if ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.
Switch is an alternative to if-else-if ladder.
switch(conditional-expression) {
case value1:
// code
break; // optional
case value2:
// code
break; // optional
...
default:
// code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;
}
For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.
for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){
// code
}
While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.
while(condition) {
// code
}
Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.
do {
// code
} while (condition);
Array is a collection of similar data which is stored in continuous memory addresses. Array values can be fetched using index. Index starts from 0 to size-1.
data-type array-name[size];
data-type array-name[size][size];
Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity.
Two types of functions are present in C
Library functions are the in-built functions which are declared in header files like printf(),scanf(),puts(),gets() etc.,
User defined functions are the ones which are written by the programmer based on the requirement.
return_type function_name(parameters);
function_name (parameters)
return_type function_name(parameters) {
//code
}