// Author: Chan Tsz Ming
// U. No.: 3035692462
// COMP2113 Course Project
// Description: Bulls and Cows
// this is the main file for running the game
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <cctype>
#include <ctime>
using namespace std;
// A "Guess" contains parameters A and B, representing...
// ...the no. of bulls and cows respectively of a guess number
// It stores the guess number ("gnum") in a dynamic char array as well
struct Guess {
int A;
int B;
char * gnum;
};
// this function gets a number from user input
// if the input is valid, it returns True and stores the input number in a dynamic char array num[]
// int leng is the required no. of digits in the number
// it returns False if the input is invalid
// NOTE: num is a char array, not int or int array
bool getnum_in(char * &num, int leng)
{
string num_in;
cin >> num_in;
if (num_in.length() != leng) {
return 0;
}
else {
int i;
for (i = 0; i < num_in.length(); i++) {
if (!isdigit(num_in[i])) {
return 0;
break;
}
else num[i] = num_in[i];
}
num[i] = '\0';
return 1;
}
}
// this function returns the number of bulls
// sec: secret number guess: guess number by player leng: no. of digits of the number
int n_bulls(char * &sec , char * &guess, int leng)
{
int b = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i < leng ; i++) {
if (sec[i] == guess[i]) {b++ ;}
}
return b;
}
// this function returns the number of COWS AND BULLS TOGETHER
// by comparing all possible combinations (pairs) between...
// ... the digits of secret number and guess number
int n_cowsNbulls(char * &sec , char * &guess, int leng)
{
// these two bool arrays are to record whether the digit...
// ... has already been matched, to avoid double counting...
// ... when there are repeated digits in sec or in guess
bool * sec_matched = new bool[leng];
bool * guess_matched = new bool[leng];
for (int a = 0 ; a < leng ; a++) { // initialize all entries to be false
sec_matched[a] = 0;
guess_matched[a] = 0;
}
int c = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i < leng ; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < leng ; j++) {
if (guess_matched[i] || sec_matched[j]) {
continue;
}
else if (sec[j] == guess[i]) {
c++;
sec_matched[j] = 1;
guess_matched[i] = 1;
}
}
}
delete [] sec_matched;
delete [] guess_matched;
return c;
}
// this function increases the size of the dynamic array guesses[]
// guesses: the dynamic array guesses[]
// size: the current size of guesses
// increase: how much do you want the size of guesses[] to increase by
void grow_guesses(Guess * &guesses, int &size, int increase)
{
if (guesses == NULL) return;
int new_size = size + increase;
Guess * tmp = new Guess [new_size];
for (int i = 0 ; i < size ; i++) {
tmp[i] = guesses[i];
}
delete [] guesses;
guesses = tmp;
size = new_size;
}
// main function
int main() {
srand(time(NULL));
// welcome message and introduction
cout << "--------------------Welcome to Bulls and Cows!!--------------------" << endl;
// choosing game mode
cout << "Please indicate your preferred game mode:\n 1 Play with computer 2 Play with another person\n"
<< "Type \'1\' \'or \'2\': ";
string mode;
getline(cin, mode);
while (mode!="1" && mode!="2") {
cout << "Invalid mode. Please indicate the game mode by typing the number \'1\' or \'2\': ";
getline(cin, mode);
}
if (mode == "1") cout << "\nYou may choose the no. of digits (1 to 20) of the secret number according to your desired difficulty.\n";
else if (mode == "2") cout << "\nPlayer 1 please get ready! Now, please think of a secret number and its no. of digits.\n";
// get the no. of digits of the secret number from user
int leng;
bool valid = 0;
cout << "How many digits does the secret number contain? (1-20): ";
while (!valid) {
cin.clear();
cin >> leng;
if (cin.fail()) {
cout << "Invalid input. The no. of digits should lie between 1 and 20. Please enter again: ";
}
else if (leng < 1 || leng > 20) {
cout << "Invalid input. The no. of digits should lie between 1 and 20. Please enter again: ";
}
else valid = 1;
}
char * secnum = new char[leng+1];
if (mode == "1") {
for (int s = 0 ; s < leng ; s++) {
secnum[s] = rand() % 10 + 48;
}
secnum[leng] = '\0';
cout << "DEBUGGING S random gen: " << secnum << "DBE" << endl;
cout << "Secret number generated!" << endl;
}
else if (mode == "2") {
// For Player 1, who sets the secret number
// get the secret number from user
cout << "Please enter your secret number for Player 2 to guess: ";
while (!getnum_in(secnum, leng)) {
cout << "\nInvalid input. Your secret number should consists of exactly " << leng << " digits.\n"
<< "Please enter your secret number again: ";
}
// For Player 2, who guesses the secret number
cout << ".\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\n.\nPlayer 2, are you ready to guess? Let\'s start!\n"
<< "-----A kind reminder: don't scroll to the above to peep the secret number!!!-----\n";
}
// "guesses" stores the series of guess numbers by the player
// the entry [0] is not used and the first trial is stored at index [1]
int guesses_size = 21; // original size of guesses: stores at most 20 trials
Guess * guesses = new Guess[guesses_size];
bool won = 0;
int trial = 0;
// while the secret number is not guessed, ask the player to enter guess numbers repeatedly
// IMPORTANT: guesses[0] is NOT used!! The information of the first trial is stored in guesses[1]
while (!won) {
// if the no. of trials of player exceeds the size where guesses[] can hold
if (trial == guesses_size - 1) {
cout << "\nYou have tried " << trial << " times already. Do you want to continue? [Y/N]: ";
string choice;
getline(cin, choice);
while (choice!="Y" && choice!="N") {
cout << "Invalid choice. Please state whether you want to continue. (Y for yes and N for No): ";
getline(cin, choice);
}
if (choice == "N") {
cout << "-----Sorry. You didn\'t get it. The secret number is " << secnum << ".-----"
<< "\n-----Add oil next time!-----" << endl;
break;
}
else if (choice == "Y") {
grow_guesses(guesses, guesses_size, 10);
cout << "OK. You are granted 10 more trials. Keep it up!!" << endl;
}
}
trial++;
guesses[trial].gnum = new char[leng+1];
cout << "\nPlease enter your guess: ";
while (!getnum_in(guesses[trial].gnum, leng)) {
cout << "Invalid guess. Your guess number should consists of exactly " << leng << " digits.\n"
<< "Please enter your guess number again: ";
}
guesses[trial].A = n_bulls(secnum, guesses[trial].gnum, leng);
guesses[trial].B = n_cowsNbulls(secnum, guesses[trial].gnum, leng) - guesses[trial].A;
// for determing to use "st" in 1st, 21st, etc.; "rd" in 3rd, 33rd, etc. or "th" in 5th, 6th, 11th, 12th, etc.
string nth;
switch (trial % 10) {
case 1:
if (trial % 100 == 11) nth = "th";
else nth = "st";
break;
case 2:
if (trial % 100 == 12) nth = "th";
else nth = "nd";
break;
case 3:
if (trial % 100 == 13) nth = "th";
else nth = "rd";
break;
default: nth = "th";
}
cout << "Your " << trial << nth << " trial is" << ": " << guesses[trial].gnum
<< " Result: " << guesses[trial].A << 'A' << guesses[trial].B << 'B' << endl;
if (guesses[trial].A == 4) {
cout << "-----Congratulations! You\'ve guessed it! The secret number is " << secnum << ".-----"
<< "\n-----You took " << trial << " trials to guess the correct number.-----" << endl;
won = 1;
}
}
cout << "See you again. Byebye!" << endl;
for (int t = 1 ; t <= trial ; t++) {
delete [] guesses[t].gnum;
}
delete [] secnum;
return 0;
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