#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
struct Point{
    int x;
    int y;
    Point() : x(-1), y(-1) {}
    Point(int a, int b) : x(a), y(b) {}
};

class QuadTree{
    Point *point;
    Point TopLeft, BottomRight;   
    vector<QuadTree *> children;
    list <Point> AP;
    int TL=0,TR=1,BR=2,BL=3;
public:QuadTree(){
        point = new Point();
    }

QuadTree(int x, int y){
        point = new Point(x, y);
    }

QuadTree(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2){
        if(x2 < x1 || y2 < y1){
        return;	
		}
        point = NULL;
        TopLeft = *new Point(x1, y1);
        BottomRight = *new Point(x2, y2);
    	children.assign(20, NULL);
        for(int i = TL; i <= BL; i++)
            children[i] = new QuadTree();
    }

void insert(int x, int y){
	Point AreaPoints=*new Point(x,y);
     
	AP.push_back(AreaPoints);
        if(x < TopLeft.x || x > BottomRight.x|| y < TopLeft.y || y > BottomRight.y){
        return;	
		}
        int midx = (TopLeft.x + BottomRight.x)/2,midy = (TopLeft.y + BottomRight.y)/2;
        int pos = -1;
        if(x <= midx&&y <= midy){
        	pos = TL;
		}else if(x <= midx&&y > midy){
			pos = BL;
		}else if(x > midx&&y <= midy){
			pos = TR;
		}else if(x > midx&&y > midy){
			pos = BR;
		}
        if(children[pos]->point ==NULL){
            children[pos]->insert(x, y);
            return;
        }else if(children[pos]->point->x == -1){
            delete children[pos];
            children[pos] = new QuadTree(x, y);
            return;
        }else{
            int xx = children[pos]->point->x,yy = children[pos]->point->y;
            delete children[pos];
            children[pos] = NULL;
            if(pos == TL){
                children[pos] = new QuadTree(TopLeft.x, TopLeft.y, midx, midy);
            }else if(pos == BR){
                children[pos] = new QuadTree(midx + 1, midy + 1,BottomRight.x, BottomRight.y);
            }else if(pos == TR){
                children[pos] = new QuadTree(midx + 1, TopLeft.y,BottomRight.x, midy);
            }else{
                children[pos] = new QuadTree(TopLeft.x, midy + 1,midx, BottomRight.y);
            }
            children[pos]->insert(xx, yy);
            children[pos]->insert(x, y);
        }
    }
    
bool Search(int x, int y){
        if(x < TopLeft.x || x > BottomRight.x|| y < TopLeft.y || y > BottomRight.y){
         return false;	
		}
        int midx = (TopLeft.x + BottomRight.x)/2,midy = (TopLeft.y + BottomRight.y)/2;
        int pos = -1;
        if(x <= midx&&y <= midy){
        	pos = TL;
		}else if(x <= midx&&y > midy){
			pos = BL;
		}else if(x > midx&&y <= midy){
			pos = TR;
		}else if(x > midx&&y > midy){
			pos = BR;
		}
        if(children[pos]->point == NULL){
            return children[pos]->Search(x,y);
        }else if(children[pos]->point->x == -1){
            return false;
        }else{
            if(x == children[pos]->point->x && y == children[pos]->point->y)
            	return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
int Area(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2){
    int counter=0;
   for (Point p: AP){
    	if((p.x>=x1&&p.x<=x2)&&(p.y>=y1&&p.y<=y2)){
    		counter++;
		}
	}
	return counter;
	}
};

int main() {
    QuadTree tree(1, 1, 40, 40);
    cout<<"WELCOME To QuadTree"<<endl;
    string str("");//null
    int x=0,y=0,w=0,z=0;
    while(str!="Exit"){
    	cout<<"Please enter your desired command(Insert/Search/Area/Exit)"<<endl;
    	cin>>str;
    	if(str=="Insert"){
    		cin>>x;
    		cin>>y;
    		tree.insert(x,y);
		}if(str=="Search"){
			cin>>w;
			cin>>z;
			if(tree.Search(w,z)==0){
				cout <<"False"<<endl;
			}else{
				cout <<"True"<<endl;
			}
		}if(str=="Area"){
		    cin>>x;
    		cin>>y;
    		cin>>w;
			cin>>z;
		cout <<	tree.Area(x,y,w,z)<<endl;
		}
	}
    return 0;
} 
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Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
} 

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
} 

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}  

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition); 

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}