#include <iostream>
#include <bitset>
using namespace std;

// Just some functions + variables used to mock external dependencies
void beginMCP(uint8_t) {};
void endMCP() {};
void i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(int file, uint8_t command, uint8_t value) {};
int i2cMCPHandle;

#define MCP_WRITE       (0x00)
#define MCP_CMD_WRITE   (0x00) // WRITE NEXT BYTE (SET VALUE)

#define MCP_ADDRESS     (0x2C)

#define MCP_CHANNEL_0   (0x00)//0
#define MCP_CHANNEL_1   (0x01)//1
#define MCP_CHANNEL_2   (0x06)//6
#define MCP_CHANNEL_3   (0x07)//7
//

static void setPOS(uint8_t i2cMCPAddress, uint8_t mcpchannel, uint8_t position) {
    beginMCP(i2cMCPAddress);
    uint8_t command = mcpchannel << 4;          // Set the data address
    command = command | (MCP_CMD_WRITE) << 2;   // Set the command type
    
    std::cout << "WRITE COMMAND: " << std::bitset<8>(command) <<std::endl;
    std::cout << "WRITE DATA: " << std::bitset<8>(position) <<std::endl;

    // Changed from write *word* to write *byte* data
    i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(i2cMCPHandle, command, position);
    endMCP();
}

int main() 
{
    setPOS(MCP_ADDRESS, MCP_CHANNEL_0, 0xFF);
    setPOS(MCP_ADDRESS, MCP_CHANNEL_1, 0xFF);
    return 0;
}
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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

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    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
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    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
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About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}