// C++ program for implementation of selection sort
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

void swap(int *xp, int *yp)
{
	int temp = *xp;
	*xp = *yp;
	*yp = temp;
}

void selectionSort(int arr[], int n)
{
	int i, j, min_idx;

	// One by one move boundary of unsorted subarray
	for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++)
	{
		// Find the minimum element in unsorted array
		min_idx = i;
		for (j = i+1; j < n; j++)
		if (arr[j] < arr[min_idx])
			min_idx = j;

		// Swap the found minimum element with the first element
		swap(&arr[min_idx], &arr[i]);
	}
}

/* Function to print an array */
void printArray(int arr[], int size)
{
	int i;
	for (i=0; i < size; i++)
		cout << arr[i] << " ";
	cout << endl;
}

// Driver program to test above functions
int main()
{
	int arr[] = {64, 25, 12, 22, 11};
	int n = sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);
	selectionSort(arr, n);
	cout << "Sorted array: \n";
	printArray(arr, n);
	return 0;
}

// This is code is contributed by rathbhupendra

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Read inputs from stdin

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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

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    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}