//Code is an RNG game 
// Charles I Montana
//10/9/21


#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
  //define constants and variables 
  const int maxValue = 999;
  const int minValue = 100;
  
  while (true){
  //output game instructions
  cout << "*****************************************" << endl;
  cout << "*  Guess a Number between 100 and 999!  *" << endl;
  cout << "*****************************************" << endl;
  
  
  //generate a random number
   srand ( time(NULL));
  int random_number = (rand() % (maxValue - minValue+1)) + minValue;
  
  
  
  //initiate only 10 tries and output the number of tries remaining 
  int tries =10;
  int user_input =0;
  
  
  
  while(tries > 0)
  {
    //validate user input and read the guess from the user
    cin >> user_input;
    if(user_input < minValue || user_input > maxValue) { 
        cout << "You need to guess within the range idiot.\n";
    }
    //bad choice and take away tries per choice 
    else if(random_number > user_input)
    {
      tries -=1;
      cout << " You guessed too low " << endl;
      cout << " Sorry, you now have " << tries << " tries left." << endl;
    }
    
   else if(random_number < user_input)
    {
      tries -=1;
      cout << " You guessed too high " << endl;
      cout << " Sorry, you now have " << tries << "tries left." << endl;
    }
    
    //good choice
    else 
    {
      cout << "Congratualtions! You have guessed correctly! \n";
      break;
    }
    
  }
  //ask the user if they would like to play again or not play again and validate the input 
  string play_choice = "";
  while(play_choice!="y" and play_choice!="n")
    {
    cout << "Would you like to play again? Type y for Yes and n for No.:";
    cin >> play_choice;
  
   if(play_choice=="y")
   {
    break;
   }
    else if(play_choice=="n")
   {
      return 0;
   }
  
  }
  
 }
  
    return 0;
}
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#include <iostream>
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using namespace std;

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    return 0;
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About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}