#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#include <scan.h>
const char* names[] = {"read", "write", "id", "literal", "gets",
                       "add", "sub", "mul", "div", "lparen", "rparen", "eof"};
static token input_token;
void error () {
    cout<<"syntax error\n"<<endl;
    exit (1);
}
void match (token expected) {
    if (input_token == expected) {
        cout<<"matched ", names[input_token]<<endl;
        if (input_token == t_id || input_token == t_literal)
            cout<<": %s", token_image<<endl;
           cout"\n"<<endl;
        input_token = scan ();
    }
    else error ();
}
void program ();
void stmt_list ();
void stmt ();
void expr ();
void term ();
void term_tail ();
void factor ();
void factor_tail ();
void add_op ();
void mul_op ();
void program () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_id:
        case t_read:
        case t_write:
        case t_eof:
            cout<<"predict program --> stmt_list eof\n"<<endl;
            stmt_list ();
            match (t_eof);
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
void stmt_list () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_id:
        case t_read:
        case t_write:
            cout<<"predict stmt_list --> stmt stmt_list\n";
            stmt ();
            stmt_list ();
            break;
        case t_eof:
            cout<<"predict stmt_list --> epsilon\n";
            break;          /* epsilon production */
        default: error ();
    }
}
void stmt () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_id:
            cout<<"predict stmt --> id gets expr\n";
            match (t_id);
            match (t_gets);
            expr ();
            break;
        case t_read:
            cout<<"predict stmt --> read id\n";
            match (t_read);
            match (t_id);
            break;
        case t_write:
            cout<<"predict stmt --> write expr\n";
            match (t_write);
            expr ();
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
void expr () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_id:
        case t_literal:
        case t_lparen:
            cout<<"predict expr --> term term_tail\n";
            term ();
            term_tail ();
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
void term () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_id:
        case t_literal:
        case t_lparen:
            cout<<"predict term --> factor factor_tail\n";
            factor ();
            factor_tail ();
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
void term_tail () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_add:
        case t_sub:
            cout<<"predict term_tail --> add_op term term_tail\n";
            add_op ();
            term ();
            term_tail ();
            break;
        case t_rparen:
        case t_id:
        case t_read:
        case t_write:
        case t_eof:
            cout<<"predict term_tail --> epsilon\n";
            break;          /* epsilon production */
        default: error ();
    }
}
void factor () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_literal:
            cout<<"predict factor --> literal\n";
            match (t_literal);
            break;
        case t_id :
            cout<<"predict factor --> id\n";
            match (t_id);
            break;
        case t_lparen:
            cout<<"predict factor --> lparen expr rparen\n";
            match (t_lparen);
            expr ();
            match (t_rparen);
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
void factor_tail () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_mul:
        case t_div:
            cout<<"predict factor_tail --> mul_op factor factor_tail\n";
            mul_op ();
            factor ();
            factor_tail ();
            break;
        case t_add:
        case t_sub:
        case t_rparen:
        case t_id:
        case t_read:
        case t_write:
        case t_eof:
            cout<<"predict factor_tail --> epsilon\n";
            break;          /* epsilon production */
        default: error ();
    }
}
void add_op () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_add:
            cout<<"predict add_op --> add\n";
            match (t_add);
            break;
        case t_sub:
            cout<<"predict add_op --> sub\n";
            match (t_sub);
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
void mul_op () {
    switch (input_token) {
        case t_mul:
            cout<<"predict mul_op --> mul\n";
            match (t_mul);
            break;
        case t_div:
            cout<<"predict mul_op --> div\n";
            match (t_div);
            break;
        default: error ();
    }
}
int main () {
    input_token = cin();
    program ();
    return 0;
}
 Write, Run & Share C++ code online using OneCompiler's C++ online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for C++ language, running on the latest version 17. Getting started with the OneCompiler's C++ compiler is simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code  when you choose language as C++ and start coding!
OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}
C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.
When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.
if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}
You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.
Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.
switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
} 
For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.
for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
} 
While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.
while (condition) {  
// code 
}  
Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.
do {  
 // code 
} while (condition); 
Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.
return_type function_name(parameters);
function_name (parameters)
return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}