#include <iostream>
#include <limits.h>
using namespace std;

//Ra'ed Aziz
//CSP 31A
//Module 4 - Programming Assignment #2

int main() 
{
    cout << "Check the upper and lower limits of integer :" << endl;
    cout << "--------------------------------------------------" << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of int data type:\t" << INT_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The minimum limit of int data type:\t" << INT_MIN << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of unsigned int data type:\t" << UINT_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of long long data type:\t" << LLONG_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The minimum limit of long long data type:\t" << LLONG_MIN << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of unsigned long long data type:\t" << ULLONG_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The Bits contain in char data type:\t" << CHAR_BIT << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of char data type:\t" << CHAR_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The minimum limit of char data type:\t" << CHAR_MIN << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of signed char data type:\t" << SCHAR_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The minimum limit of signed char data type:\t" << SCHAR_MIN << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of unsigned char data type:\t" << UCHAR_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The minimum limit of short data type:\t" << SHRT_MIN << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of short data type:\t" << SHRT_MAX << endl;
    cout << "The maximum limit of unsigned short data type:\t" << USHRT_MAX << endl;
    //cout << "The minimum limit of long data type:\t" << LONG_MIN <<endl;
    //cout << "The maximum limit of long data type" << LONG_MAX << endl;
    //cout << "The maximum limit of unsigned long data type:\t" << ULONG_MAX << endl;
    //cout << "The maximum limit of bytes in a multibyte character, for any locale:\t" << MB_LEN_MAX << endl;
    return 0;
}

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Read inputs from stdin

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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}