#include<iostream>
#include <time.h>
#include <cstdlib>
#include<ctime>
#include <unistd.h>
using namespace std;
class timer {
   private:
    unsigned long begTime;
   public:
    void start() {
     begTime = clock();
    }
unsigned long elapsedTime() {
     return ((unsigned long) clock() - begTime) / CLOCKS_PER_SEC;
   }
   bool isTimeout(unsigned long seconds) {
     return seconds >= elapsedTime();
    }
};
int main()
{
 int frames[] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10};
 unsigned long seconds = 5;
 srand(time(NULL));
 timer t;
 cout<<"Sender has to send frames : ";
 for(int i=0;i<10;i++)
    cout<<frames[i]<<" ";
 cout<<endl;
 int count = 0;
 bool delay = false;
 cout<<endl<<"Sender\t\t\t\t\tReceiver"<<endl;
 do
 {
    bool timeout = false;
    cout<<"Sending Frame : "<<frames[count];
    cout.flush();
    cout<<"\t\t";
    t.start();
    if(rand()%2)
    {
        int to = 24600 + rand()%(64000 - 24600)  + 1;
        for(int i=0;i<64000;i++)
            for(int j=0;j<to;j++) {}
    }
    if(t.elapsedTime() <= seconds)
    {
        cout<<"Received Frame : "<<frames[count]<<" ";
        if(delay)
        {
            cout<<"Duplicate";
            delay = false;
        }
        cout<<endl;
        count++;
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<"---"<<endl;
        cout<<"Timeout"<<endl;
        timeout = true;
    }
    t.start();
    if(rand()%2 || !timeout)
    {
        int to = 24600 + rand()%(64000 - 24600)  + 1;
        for(int i=0;i<64000;i++)
            for(int j=0;j<to;j++) {}
        if(t.elapsedTime() > seconds )
        {
            cout<<"Delayed Ack"<<endl;
            count--;
            delay = true;
        }
        else if(!timeout)
            cout<<"Acknowledgement : "<<frames[count]-1<<endl;
    }
 }while(count!=10);
 return 0;
}

C++ Online Compiler

Write, Run & Share C++ code online using OneCompiler's C++ online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for C++ language, running on the latest version 17. Getting started with the OneCompiler's C++ compiler is simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as C++ and start coding!

Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}