#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Dog {
  private :
    string name;
    string breed;
    int* p_age {nullptr};
    
  public:
    Dog() = default;
    Dog(string name_param, string breed_param, int age_param);
    ~Dog();
    
    void print_info() {
      cout << "Dog (" << this << ") : [ name : " << name 
                << " breed : " << breed << " age : " << *p_age << "]" << endl;
    }
    
    // Getters and Setters
    Dog* set_dog_name(string name) {
      this->name = name;
      return this;
    }
    Dog* set_dog_breed(string breed){
      this->breed = breed;
      return this;
    }
    Dog* set_dog_age(int age){
      *(this->p_age) = age;
      return this;
    }
};

Dog::Dog(string name_param, string breed_param, int age_param) {
  name = name_param;
  breed = breed_param;
  p_age = new int(age_param);
  cout << "Dog constructor called for " << name << " at " << this << endl;
}

Dog::~Dog() {
  delete p_age;
  cout << "Dog destructor called for " << name << " at " << this << endl;
}



int main() 
{
  Dog dog1("Fluffy","Shepherd",2); //Constructor
  dog1.print_info();

  dog1.set_dog_name("Pumba")->set_dog_breed("Wire Fox Terrier")->set_dog_age(4);
  dog1.print_info();

  return 0;
}

C++ Online Compiler

Write, Run & Share C++ code online using OneCompiler's C++ online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for C++ language, running on the latest version 17. Getting started with the OneCompiler's C++ compiler is simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as C++ and start coding!

Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}