#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;


class node
{
   public:
    
    node *left, *right;
    int data;

};    

class Breadthfs
{
 
 public:
 
 node *insert(node *, int);
 void bfs(node *);
 
};


node *insert(node *root, int data)
// inserts a node in tree
{

    if(!root)
    {
   	 
   	 root=new node;
   	 root->left=NULL;
   	 root->right=NULL;
   	 root->data=data;
   	 return root;
    }

    queue<node *> q;
    q.push(root);
    
    while(!q.empty())
    {

   	 node *temp=q.front();
   	 q.pop();
    
   	 if(temp->left==NULL)
   	 {
   		 
   		 temp->left=new node;
   		 temp->left->left=NULL;
   		 temp->left->right=NULL;
   		 temp->left->data=data;    
   		 return root;
   	 }
   	 else
   	 {

   	 q.push(temp->left);

   	 }

   	 if(temp->right==NULL)
   	 {
   		 
   		 temp->right=new node;
   		 temp->right->left=NULL;
   		 temp->right->right=NULL;
   		 temp->right->data=data;    
   		 return root;
   	 }
   	 else
   	 {

   	 q.push(temp->right);

   	 }

    }
    
}


void bfs(node *head)
{

   	 queue<node*> q;
   	 q.push(head);
   	 
   	 int qSize;
   	 
   	 while (!q.empty())
   	 {
   		 qSize = q.size();
   		 #pragma omp parallel for
            	//creates parallel threads
   		 for (int i = 0; i < qSize; i++)
   		 {
   			 node* currNode;
   			 #pragma omp critical
   			 {
   			   currNode = q.front();
   			   q.pop();
   			   cout<<"\t"<<currNode->data;
   			   
   			 }// prints parent node
   			 #pragma omp critical
   			 {
   			 if(currNode->left)// push parent's left node in queue
   				 q.push(currNode->left);
   			 if(currNode->right)
   				 q.push(currNode->right);
   			 }// push parent's right node in queue   	 

   		 }
   	 }

}

int main(){

    node *root=NULL;
    int data;
    char ans;
    
    do
    {
   	 cout<<"\n enter data=>";
   	 cin>>data;
   	 
   	 root=insert(root,data);
    
   	 cout<<"do you want insert one more node?";
   	 cin>>ans;
    
    }while(ans=='y'||ans=='Y');
    
    bfs(root);
    
    return 0;
}

C++ Online Compiler

Write, Run & Share C++ code online using OneCompiler's C++ online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for C++ language, running on the latest version 17. Getting started with the OneCompiler's C++ compiler is simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as C++ and start coding!

Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}