#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

// Define a structure for expenses
struct Expense {
    string name;
    double amount;
};

class BudgetApp {
private:
    double income;
    double balance;
    vector<Expense> expenses;

public:
    BudgetApp() {
        income = 0.0;
        balance = 0.0;
    }

    void setIncome(double amount) {
        income = amount;
        balance += amount;
    }

    void addExpense(string name, double amount) {
        Expense expense;
        expense.name = name;
        expense.amount = amount;
        expenses.push_back(expense);
        balance -= amount;
    }

    void displayBalance() {
        cout << "Income: $" << income << endl;
        cout << "Expenses:" << endl;
        for (const Expense& expense : expenses) {
            cout << "- " << expense.name << ": $" << expense.amount << endl;
        }
        cout << "Balance: $" << balance << endl;
    }
};

int main() {
    BudgetApp budgetApp;
    char choice;

    cout << "Welcome to the Budgeting App!" << endl;

    do {
        cout << "\nMenu:\n";
        cout << "1. Set Income\n";
        cout << "2. Add Expense\n";
        cout << "3. Display Balance\n";
        cout << "4. Exit\n";
        cout << "Enter your choice: ";
        cin >> choice;

        switch (choice) {
            case '1':
                double income;
                cout << "Enter your income: $";
                cin >> income;
                budgetApp.setIncome(income);
                break;

            case '2':
                string expenseName;
                double expenseAmount;
                cout << "Enter the expense name: ";
                cin.ignore();
                getline(cin, expenseName);
                cout << "Enter the expense amount: $";
                cin >> expenseAmount;
                budgetApp.addExpense(expenseName, expenseAmount);
                break;

            case '3':
                budgetApp.displayBalance();
                break;

            case '4':
                cout << "Goodbye!" << endl;
                break;

            default:
                cout << "Invalid choice. Please try again." << endl;
        }
    } while (choice != '4');

    return 0;
}

C++ Online Compiler

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Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}