/*
Samsung Delhi IITD 2018

Initially you have H amount of energy and D distance to travel. You may travel
with any of the given 5 speeds. But you may only travel in units of 1 km. For 
each km distance traveled, you will spend corresponding amount of energy.
e.g. the given speeds are:

Cost of traveling 1 km: [4, 5, 2, 3, 6]
Time taken to travel 1 km: [200, 210, 230, 235, 215]

Find minimum time required to cover total D km with remaining H >= 0

1 <= H <= 4000
1 <= D <= 1000
*/

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
const int INF = 2E9;

int dp[4040][1010][5];
inline int fun(int i, int j, int k, vector<int> &a, vector<int> &b) {
    if (i < 0) return INF;
    if (j == 0) return 0;
    if (k < 0) return INF;
    if (dp[i][j][k] != -1) return dp[i][j][k];
    return dp[i][j][k] = min(fun(i, j, k - 1, a, b), b[k] + fun(i - a[k], j - 1, k, a, b));
}

int getMinTime(vector<int> &cost, vector<int> &time, int H, int D) {
    memset(dp, -1, sizeof dp);
    return fun(H, D, 4, cost, time);
}

int main() {
    int t (14);
    vector<int> cost {4, 5, 2, 3, 6};
    vector<int> time {200, 210, 230, 235, 215};
    cout << getMinTime(cost, time, 3000, 1000);
    return 0;
}

/* Verify for the following t values..
 * 
 * t = 16, 17, … -> 800
 * t = 14, 15 -> 830
 * t = 13 -> 860
 */

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About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}