#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
 
string animals[12] = {"Ox", "Tiger", "Rabbit", "Dragon", "Snake", "Horse", "Goat", "Monkey", "Rooster", "Dog", "Pig", "Rat"};
 
map<string,int> when_born;
 
string get_animal(int year)
{
  int a = 0, y = 2021;
  while (y < year) { y++; a++; if (a == 12) a = 0; }
  while (y > year) { y--; a--; if (a == -1) a = 11; }
  return animals[a];
}
 
int main(void)
{
  int N;
  when_born["Bessie"] = 2021;
  cin >> N;
  string cowa, born, in, relation, animal, year, from, cowb;
  for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
    cin >> cowa >> born >> in >> relation >> animal >> year >> from >> cowb;
    when_born[cowa] = when_born[cowb];
    do {
      if (relation == "previous") when_born[cowa]--;
      else when_born[cowa]++;
    } while (get_animal(when_born[cowa]) != animal);
  }
  int diff = when_born["Bessie"] - when_born["Elsie"];
  if (diff < 0) diff = -diff;
  cout << diff << "\n";
}
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Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
}

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
}

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition);

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}