#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    cout << "Hello, World!";
    return 0;
}import pygame
import sys

# Game variables
gravity = 0.25
bird_movement = 0
bird_rect = bird_surface.get_rect(center = (100,512))

def draw_floor():
    screen.blit(floor_surface,(floor_x_pos,900))
    screen.blit(floor_surface,(floor_x_pos + 576,900))

def create_pipe():
    random_pipe_pos = random.choice(pipe_height)
    bottom_pipe = pipe_surface.get_rect(midtop = (700,random_pipe_pos))
    top_pipe = pipe_surface.get_rect(midbottom = (700,random_pipe_pos - 300))
    return bottom_pipe,top_pipe

def move_pipes(pipes):
    for pipe in pipes:
        pipe.centerx -= 5
    return pipes

def draw_pipes(pipes):
    for pipe in pipes:
        if pipe.bottom >= 1024:
            screen.blit(pipe_surface,pipe)
        else:
            flip_pipe = pygame.transform.flip(pipe_surface,False,True)
            screen.blit(flip_pipe,pipe)

def check_collision(pipes):
    for pipe in pipes:
        if bird_rect.colliderect(pipe):
            return False

    if bird_rect.top <= -100 or bird_rect.bottom >= 900:
        return False

    return True

def rotate_bird(bird):
    new_bird = pygame.transform.rotozoom(bird,-bird_movement * 3,1)
    return new_bird

def bird_animation():
    new_bird = bird_frames[bird_index]
    new_bird_rect = new_bird.get_rect(center = (100,bird_rect.centery))
    return new_bird,new_bird_rect

def score_display(game_state):
    if game_state == 'main_game':
        score_surface = game_font.render(str(int(score)),True,(255,255,255))
        score_rect = score_surface.get_rect(center = (288,100))
        screen.blit(score_surface,score_rect)
    if game_state == 'game_over':
        score_surface = game_font.render(f'Score: {int(score)}' ,True,(255,255,255))
        score_rect = score_surface.get_rect(center = (288,100))
        screen.blit(score_surface,score_rect)

        high_score_surface = game_font.render(f'High score: {int(high_score)}',True,(255,255,255))
        high_score_rect = high_score_surface.get_rect(center = (288,850))
        screen.blit(high_score_surface,high_score_rect)

def update_score(score, high_score):
    if score > high_score:
        high_score = score
    return high_score

# Pygame init
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((576,1024))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
game_font = pygame.font.Font('04B_19.ttf',40)

# Game loop
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE and game_active:
                bird_movement = 0
                bird_movement -= 12
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE and game_active == False:
                game_active = True
                pipe_list.clear()
                bird_rect.center = (100,512)
                bird_movement = 0
                score = 0

        if event.type == BIRDFLAP:
            if bird_index < 2:
                bird_index += 1
            else:
                bird_index = 0

            bird_surface,bird_rect = bird_animation()

    screen.blit(bg_surface,(0,0))

    if game_active:
        # Bird
        bird_movement += gravity
        rotated_bird = rotate_bird(bird_surface)
        bird_rect.centery += bird_movement
        screen.blit(rotated_bird,bird_rect)
        game_active = check_collision(pipe_list)

        # Pipes
        pipe_list = move_pipes(pipe_list)
        draw_pipes(pipe_list)
        score += 0.01
        score_display('main_game')
    else:
        screen.blit(game_over_surface,game_over_rect)
        high_score = update_score(score,high_score)
        score_display('game_over')

    # Floor
    floor_x_pos -= 1
    draw_floor()
    if floor_x_pos <= -576:
        floor_x_pos = 0

    pygame.display.update()
    clock.tick(120)
 

C++ Online Compiler

Write, Run & Share C++ code online using OneCompiler's C++ online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for C++ language, running on the latest version 17. Getting started with the OneCompiler's C++ compiler is simple and pretty fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as C++ and start coding!

Read inputs from stdin

OneCompiler's C++ online compiler supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main() 
{
    string name;
    cout << "Enter name:";
    getline (cin, name);
    cout << "Hello " << name;
    return 0;
}

About C++

C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.

  • Supports different platforms like Windows, various Linux flavours, MacOS etc
  • C++ supports OOPS concepts like Inheritance, Polymorphism, Encapsulation and Abstraction.
  • Case-sensitive
  • C++ is a compiler based language
  • C++ supports structured programming language
  • C++ provides alot of inbuilt functions and also supports dynamic memory allocation.
  • Like C, C++ also allows you to play with memory using Pointers.

Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.

if(conditional-expression) {
   //code
}
else {
   //code
}

You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.

2. Switch:

Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.

switch(conditional-expression){    
case value1:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
case value2:    
 // code    
 break;  // optional  
......    
    
default:     
 code to be executed when all the above cases are not matched;    
} 

3. For:

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
  //code  
} 

4. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
// code 
}  

5. Do-While:

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
 // code 
} while (condition); 

Functions

Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.

How to declare a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters);

How to call a Function:

function_name (parameters)

How to define a Function:

return_type function_name(parameters) {  
 // code
}