#include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <cstdlib> #include <ctime> #include <unistd.h> #include <termios.h> #include <fcntl.h> using namespace std; bool gameOver; const int width = 20; const int height = 20; int x, y, fruitX, fruitY, score, HS = 340; int tailX[100], tailY[100]; int nTail; enum eDirection { STOP = 0, LEFT, RIGHT, UP, DOWN }; eDirection dir; int kbhit(void) { struct termios oldt, newt; int ch; int oldf; tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &oldt); newt = oldt; newt.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO); tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &newt); oldf = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_GETFL, 0); fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf | O_NONBLOCK); ch = getchar(); tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &oldt); fcntl(STDIN_FILENO, F_SETFL, oldf); if(ch != EOF) { ungetc(ch, stdin); return 1; } return 0; } void ClearScreen() { cout << "\033[2J\033[1;1H"; } void Setup() { gameOver = false; dir = STOP; x = width / 2; y = height / 2; fruitX = rand() % width; fruitY = rand() % height; score = 0; ifstream inFile("worldRecord.txt"); if (inFile.is_open()) { inFile >> HS; inFile.close(); } else { cout << "Unable to open file for reading."; } } void Draw() { ClearScreen(); cout << " World Record: " << HS << endl; for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++) cout << "#"; cout << endl; for (int i = 0; i < height; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < width; j++) { if (j == 0) cout << "#"; if (i == y && j == x) cout << "O"; else if (i == fruitY && j == fruitX) cout << "F"; else { bool print = false; for (int k = 0; k < nTail; k++) { if (tailX[k] == j && tailY[k] == i) { cout << "o"; print = true; } } if (!print) cout << " "; } if (j == width - 1) cout << "#"; } cout << endl; } for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++) cout << "#"; cout << endl; cout << "Score: " << score << endl; } void Input() { if (kbhit()) { switch (getchar()) { case 'a': dir = LEFT; break; case 'd': dir = RIGHT; break; case 'w': dir = UP; break; case 's': dir = DOWN; break; case 'x': gameOver = true; break; } } } void Logic() { int prevX = tailX[0]; int prevY = tailY[0]; int prev2X, prev2Y; tailX[0] = x; tailY[0] = y; for (int i = 1; i < nTail; i++) { prev2X = tailX[i]; prev2Y = tailY[i]; tailX[i] = prevX; tailY[i] = prevY; prevX = prev2X; prevY = prev2Y; } switch (dir) { case LEFT: x--; break; case RIGHT: x++; break; case UP: y--; break; case DOWN: y++; break; default: break; } if (x >= width || x < 0 || y >= height || y < 0) gameOver = true; for (int i = 0; i < nTail; i++) if (tailX[i] == x && tailY[i] == y) gameOver = true; if (x == fruitX && y == fruitY) { score += 10; if (score > HS) { HS = score; ofstream outFile("worldRecord.txt"); if (outFile.is_open()) { outFile << HS; outFile.close(); } else { cout << "Unable to open file for writing."; } } fruitX = rand() % width; fruitY = rand() % height; nTail++; } } int main() { srand(time(NULL)); Setup(); while (!gameOver) { Draw(); Input(); Logic(); usleep(100000); } return 0; }
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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string name;
cout << "Enter name:";
getline (cin, name);
cout << "Hello " << name;
return 0;
}
C++ is a widely used middle-level programming language.
When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition If-Else is used.
if(conditional-expression) {
//code
}
else {
//code
}
You can also use if-else for nested Ifs and If-Else-If ladder when multiple conditions are to be performed on a single variable.
Switch is an alternative to If-Else-If ladder.
switch(conditional-expression){
case value1:
// code
break; // optional
case value2:
// code
break; // optional
......
default:
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}
For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.
for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){
//code
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while (condition) {
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}
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do {
// code
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Function is a sub-routine which contains set of statements. Usually functions are written when multiple calls are required to same set of statements which increases re-usuability and modularity. Function gets run only when it is called.
return_type function_name(parameters);
function_name (parameters)
return_type function_name(parameters) {
// code
}