// Name : Wisly Er Jia Le
// ID: 230369412
// Date: 8 Jan 2024
// Brief Description : The purpose of this program is to examine and pinpoint rhymes in a given set of words. It uses a dynamic linked list and a static array, 
//                     two different types of data structures. The main goal is to see if a word rhymes by comparing its last two characters. 

// Static Array
target_Words = ['bend', 'lend', 'blend', 'tend', 'computer'];
rhymes_Word = ['fend'];

rhymes_WordLocation = rhymes_Word[0]; // rhymes_WordLocation contain the word fend

// Algorithm
// To compare the last 3 character
function Last_ThreeChar() 
{
    // To iterates through each element in the array "target_Words"
    for (let i = 0; i < target_Words.length; i++) 
    {

      current_TargetWords = target_Words[i]; // current_TargetWords contain the element in target_Words based on the loop
      
     
    // Check if last 3 characters in target_Words is equal rhymes_Word
    // Convert all characters to lowercase and compare last 3 character
      if ((current_TargetWords[current_TargetWords.length-3].toLowerCase() == rhymes_WordLocation[rhymes_WordLocation.length-3].toLowerCase()) &&
          (current_TargetWords[current_TargetWords.length-2].toLowerCase() == rhymes_WordLocation[rhymes_WordLocation.length-2].toLowerCase()) && 
          (current_TargetWords[current_TargetWords.length-1].toLowerCase() == rhymes_WordLocation[rhymes_WordLocation.length-1].toLowerCase())) 
            // Print "contains the same last 3 characters and rhymes" if last 3 characters match
            console.log(target_Words[i] + ' and ' + rhymes_WordLocation + " contains the same last 3 characters and rhymes")
      else
            // print "does not contains the same last 3 characters and does not rhymes" if last 3 characters does not match
            console.log(target_Words[i] + ' and ' + rhymes_WordLocation + " does not contains the same last 3 characters and does not rhymes") 
    }
    
    console.log('\n'); // To separate between Two different algorithms and data structure
}

// Linked list
// To allow interaction with the file such as reading or writing to file
const fs = require('fs');

class Node
{
    // constructor
    constructor(word)
    {
        this.word = word; // Data store
        this.next = null // Point to the next node
    }
}
// linkedlist class
class LinkedList
{
    constructor()
    {
        this.head = null; // head point to the first node
        this.size = 0; // The number of element in the list
    }
 
    // adds an element at the end
    // of list
    add(word) 
    {
        
        var node = new Node(word); // creates a new node
        
        var current; // to store current node
 
        // if list is Empty add the
        // element and make it head
        if (this.head == null)
            this.head = node;
        else 
        {
            current = this.head;
 
            // iterate to the end of the
            // list
            while (current.next)
            {
                current = current.next;
            }
 
            current.next = node; // add node at the end
        }
        
        this.size++; //  To keep track of the number of elements
    }
    
    // To compare the last 2 character
    checkWord(word1, word2)
    {
    const len1 = word1.length;
    const len2 = word2.length;
    
    // Convert all characters to lowercase and compare last 2 character
    return (
      word1[word1.length-2].toLowerCase() == word2[word2.length-2].toLowerCase() &&
      word1[word1.length-1].toLowerCase() == word2[word2.length-1].toLowerCase()
    );
  }

 // Check for rhyme between the elements
  checkWordInList()
  {
    
    let current = this.head; // Variable current point to head

    while (current && current.next)
    {
      // To check if current node and the next node are in the linked list
      // to check for consecutive pairs of words
      if (this.checkWord(current.word, current.next.word))
        {
          console.log(current.word + ' and '+  current.next.word + " rhyme! It contains the same last 2 characters");
        }
      else
        {
          console.log(current.word + ' and ' + current.next.word + " do not rhyme! It does not contains the same last 2 characters");
        }
      
      current = current.next;
      
    }
  }
}

// Call Last_ThreeChar
Last_ThreeChar();
 
 // Read words from input.txt
const textFile = fs.readFileSync('Input.txt', 'utf-8').split('\n');

// creating an object for the
// Linkedlist class
const linkedList = new LinkedList();
textFile.forEach(word => linkedList.add(word.trim()));

// Check for rhyme in the linked list
linkedList.checkWordInList();

 

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About Javascript

Javascript(JS) is a object-oriented programming language which adhere to ECMA Script Standards. Javascript is required to design the behaviour of the web pages.

Key Features

  • Open-source
  • Just-in-time compiled language
  • Embedded along with HTML and makes web pages alive
  • Originally named as LiveScript.
  • Executable in both browser and server which has Javascript engines like V8(chrome), SpiderMonkey(Firefox) etc.

Syntax help

STDIN Example

var readline = require('readline');
var rl = readline.createInterface({
  input: process.stdin,
  output: process.stdout,
  terminal: false
});

rl.on('line', function(line){
    console.log("Hello, " + line);
});

variable declaration

KeywordDescriptionScope
varVar is used to declare variables(old way of declaring variables)Function or global scope
letlet is also used to declare variables(new way)Global or block Scope
constconst is used to declare const values. Once the value is assigned, it can not be modifiedGlobal or block Scope

Backtick Strings

Interpolation

let greetings = `Hello ${name}`

Multi line Strings

const msg = `
hello
world!
`

Arrays

An array is a collection of items or values.

Syntax:

let arrayName = [value1, value2,..etc];
// or
let arrayName = new Array("value1","value2",..etc);

Example:

let mobiles = ["iPhone", "Samsung", "Pixel"];

// accessing an array
console.log(mobiles[0]);

// changing an array element
mobiles[3] = "Nokia";

Arrow functions

Arrow Functions helps developers to write code in concise way, it’s introduced in ES6.
Arrow functions can be written in multiple ways. Below are couple of ways to use arrow function but it can be written in many other ways as well.

Syntax:

() => expression

Example:

const numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
const squaresOfEvenNumbers = numbers.filter(ele => ele % 2 == 0)
                                    .map(ele => ele ** 2);
console.log(squaresOfEvenNumbers);

De-structuring

Arrays

let [firstName, lastName] = ['Foo', 'Bar']

Objects

let {firstName, lastName} = {
  firstName: 'Foo',
  lastName: 'Bar'
}

rest(...) operator

 const {
    title,
    firstName,
    lastName,
    ...rest
  } = record;

Spread(...) operator

//Object spread
const post = {
  ...options,
  type: "new"
}
//array spread
const users = [
  ...adminUsers,
  ...normalUsers
]

Functions

function greetings({ name = 'Foo' } = {}) { //Defaulting name to Foo
  console.log(`Hello ${name}!`);
}
 
greet() // Hello Foo
greet({ name: 'Bar' }) // Hi Bar

Loops

1. If:

IF is used to execute a block of code based on a condition.

Syntax

if(condition){
    // code
}

2. If-Else:

Else part is used to execute the block of code when the condition fails.

Syntax

if(condition){
    // code
} else {
    // code
}

3. Switch:

Switch is used to replace nested If-Else statements.

Syntax

switch(condition){
    case 'value1' :
        //code
        [break;]
    case 'value2' :
        //code
        [break;]
    .......
    default :
        //code
        [break;]
}

4. For

For loop is used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition.

for(Initialization; Condition; Increment/decrement){  
//code  
} 

5. While

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while (condition) {  
  // code 
}  

6. Do-While

Do-while is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. It is mostly used when you need to execute the statements atleast once.

do {  
  // code 
} while (condition); 

Classes

ES6 introduced classes along with OOPS concepts in JS. Class is similar to a function which you can think like kind of template which will get called when ever you initialize class.

Syntax:

class className {
  constructor() { ... } //Mandatory Class method
  method1() { ... }
  method2() { ... }
  ...
}

Example:

class Mobile {
  constructor(model) {
    this.name = model;
  }
}

mbl = new Mobile("iPhone");