-- Create the table with serial primary key
CREATE TABLE tab (
    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    email VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE,
    phone VARCHAR(8),
    notes INT
);

-- Insert initial data
INSERT INTO tab (email, phone, notes) VALUES
    ('[email protected]', '555-1212', 0),
    ('[email protected]', '888-1212', 0),
    ('[email protected]', '888-1212', 0);

-- Insert with conflict to demonstrate a gap
INSERT INTO tab (id, email, phone, notes) VALUES
    (1, '[email protected]', '555-1212', 0)
ON CONFLICT (email) DO UPDATE SET
    notes = tab.notes + 100;

INSERT INTO tab (id, email, phone, notes) VALUES
    (1, '[email protected]', '555-1212', 0)
ON CONFLICT (email) DO UPDATE SET
    notes = tab.notes + 100;
-- Check the data
SELECT * FROM tab;

-- Output
-- id | email        | phone    | notes
--  1 | [email protected]  | 555-1212 | 100
--  2 | [email protected]| 888-1212 | 0
--  3 | [email protected]  | 888-1212 | 0

PostgreSQL online editor

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About PostgreSQL

PostgreSQL is a open source relational database system and is also knows as Postgres.

Key Features:

  • Postgres is not only free and open-source but also it is highly extensible.
  • Custom Data types and funtions from various programming languaues can be introduced and the good part is compiling entire database is not required.
  • ACID(Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) compliant.
  • First DBMS which implemented Multi-version concurrency control (MVCC) feature.
  • It's the default database server for MacOS.
  • It supports all major operating systems like Linux, Windows, OpenBSD,FreeBSD etc.

Syntax help

1. CREATE

CREATE command is used to create a table, schema or an index.

Syntax:

         CREATE TABLE table_name (
                column1 datatype,
                column2 datatype,
                ....);

2. ALTER

ALTER command is used to add, modify or delete columns or constraints from the database table.

Syntax

ALTER TABLE Table_name ADD column_name datatype;

3. TRUNCATE:

TRUNCATE command is used to delete the data present in the table but this will not delete the table.

Syntax

TRUNCATE table table_name;

4. DROP

DROP command is used to delete the table along with its data.

Syntax

DROP TABLE table_name;

5. RENAME

RENAME command is used to rename the table name.

Syntax

ALTER TABLE table_name1 RENAME to new_table_name1;

6. INSERT

INSERT Statement is used to insert new records into the database table.

Syntax

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, value3, ...);

7. SELECT

Select statement is used to select data from database tables.

Syntax:

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name;

8. UPDATE

UPDATE statement is used to modify the existing values of records present in the database table.

Syntax

UPDATE table_name
SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ...
WHERE condition;

9. DELETE

DELETE statement is used to delete the existing records present in the database table.

Syntax

DELETE FROM table_name where condition;