Abstraction Implementation

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from abc import ABC, abstractmethod

class Shape(ABC):
  """Abstract base class for geometric shapes."""
  
  @abstractmethod
  def area(self):
    """Calculates and returns the area of the shape."""
    pass
  
  @abstractmethod
  def perimeter(self):
     """Calculates and returns the perimeter of the shape."""
     pass
  
  
class Rectangle(Shape):
  """Represents a rectangle."""
  
  def __init__(self,length,breadth):
    self.length = length
    self.breadth = breadth
    
  def area(self):
    return self.length * self.breadth
    
  def perimeter(self):
    return 2 * (self.length + self.breadth)
   
    
class Circle(Shape):
  """Represents a circle."""
  
  def __init__(self,radius):
    self.radius = radius
    
  def area(self):
    return 3.14159 * (self.radius**2)
    
  def perimeter(self):
    return  2 * 3.14159 * self.radius
    
    
    
# Create instances of the shapes
rectangle = Rectangle(5, 3)
circle = Circle(4)


# Accessing methods through abstract base class
print("Rectangle area:", rectangle.area()) 
print("Rectangle perimeter:", rectangle.perimeter())
print("Circle area:", circle.area())
print("Circle perimeter:", circle.perimeter())