# print_menu() function
def print_menu(s):
    print('c - Number of non - whitespace characters')
    print('w - Number of words')
    print('f - Fix capitalization')
    print('r - Replace punctuation')
    print('s - Shorten spaces')
    print('q - Quit')
    op = input('Choose an option: ')
    if op == 'q':
        return
    if op == 'c':
        c = get_num_of_non_WS_characters(s)
        print('Number of non-whitespace characters: ', c)
    elif op == 'w':
        c = get_num_of_words(s)
        print('Number of words: ', c)
    elif op == 'f':
        s = fix_capitalization(s)
        print('Edited text: ', s)
    elif op == 'r':
        s = replace_punctuation(s)
        print('Edited text: ', s)
    elif op == 's':
        s = shorten_space(s)
        print('Edited text: ', s)
    print_menu(s)


# get_num_of_non_WS_characters() function has a string parameter and
# returns the number of characters in the string, excluding all whitespace
def get_num_of_non_WS_characters(s):
    count = 0
    for i in s:
        if not i.isspace():
            count += 1
    return count


# get_num_of_words() function has a string parameter and returns the number of words in the string
def get_num_of_words(s):
    words = 1
    for i in range(len(s) - 1):
        if not s[i].isspace() and s[i + 1].isspace():
            words += 1
    return words


# fix_capitalization() function has a string parameter and returns an updated string
def fix_capitalization(s):
    ms = ''
    caps = 0
    sentence = s.split('.  ')
    for i in sentence:
        if i[0].islower():
            caps += 1
            ms += i[0].upper() + i[1:] + '. '
        else:
            ms += i + '. '
    print('Number of letters capitalized: ', caps)
    return ms


# replace_punctuation() function has a string parameter updates the string by replacing
# each exclamation point (!) character with a period (.) and each semicolon (;) character with a comma (,).
# replace_punctuation() also counts the number of times each character is replaced and outputs those counts
def replace_punctuation(s):
    ms = ''
    exclamation_count = 0
    semicolon_count = 0
    for i in range(len(s)):
        if s[i] == '!':
            exclamation_count += 1
            ms += '.'
        elif s[i] == ';':
            semicolon_count += 1
            ms += ','
        else:
            ms += s[i]
    print('Punctuation replaced')
    print('exclamation_count: ', exclamation_count)
    print('semicolon_count: ', semicolon_count)
    return ms


# shorten_space() function has a string parameter and updates the string by 
# replacing all sequences of 2 or more spaces with a single space
def shorten_space(s):
    t = ''
    for i in range(len(s) - 1):
        if not (s[i].isspace() and s[i + 1].isspace()):
            t += s[i]
    t += s[len(s) - 1]
    return t


# main function
def main():
    # Prompt the user to enter a string
    s = input('Enter a sample text:')
    # Output the string
    print('You entered: ', s)
    # call print_menu
    print_menu(s)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()