#  A simple Tic-Tac-Toe game
# Players 'X' and 'O' take turn inputing their position on the command line using numbers 1-9
# 1 | 2 | 3
# ---------
# 4 | 5 | 6
# ---------
# 7 | 8 | 9
#

# The Game Board 
from bdb import checkfuncname

board = {
    1: ' ', 2: ' ', 3: ' ',
    4: ' ', 5: ' ', 6: ' ',
    7: ' ', 8: ' ', 9: ' '
}

# TODO: update the gameboard with the user input
def markBoard(position, mark):
    board[position] = mark.upper()

# TODO: print the game board as described at the top of this code skeleton
def printBoard():
    print("""
    {} | {} | {}
    ----------
    {} | {} | {}
    ----------
    {} | {} | {}
    """.format(board[1], board[2], board[3],
    board[4], board[5], board[6], 
    board[7], board[8], board[9]))

# Empties the board to restart the game
def emptyBoard():
    for key in board.keys():
        board[key] = ' '
    return board

# TODO: check for wrong input, this function should return True or False.
# True denoting that the user input is correct
# you will need to check for wrong input (user is entering invalid position) or position is out of bound
# another case is that the position is already occupied
def validateMove(position):
    # print(type(position))
    position = int(position)
    # print(position, type(position))
    if position < 1 or position > 9:
        return False
    elif board[position]=='O' or board[position]=='X':
        return False
    else:
        return True

# TODO: list out all the combinations of winning, you will neeed this
# one of the winning combinations is already done for you
winCombinations = [
    [1, 2, 3],
    [4, 5, 6],
    [7, 8, 9],
    [1, 4, 7],
    [2, 5, 8],
    [3, 6, 9],
    [1, 5, 9],
    [3, 5, 7]
]

# TODO: implement a logic to check if the previous winner just win
# This method should return with True or False
def checkWin(player):
    player = str(player)
    temp_lst = []
    for k, v in board.items():
        if v == player:
            temp_lst.append(k)
    import itertools
    temp_lst = list(itertools.combinations(temp_lst, 3)) # separate long list into nested tuple of 3 to check with winCombinations
    # print(temp_lst)
    return any(list(x) in winCombinations for x in temp_lst)
    # return temp_lst in winCombinations # works only if temp_lst contains 3 elements


# TODO: implement a function to check if the game board is already full
# For tic-tac-toe, tie bascially means the whole board is already occupied
# This function should return with boolean
def checkFull():
    for v in board.values():
        if v == 'X' or v == 'O':
            pass
        else:
            return False
    return True

gameEnded = False
currentTurnPlayer = 'X'

print('Game started: \n\n' +
    ' 1 | 2 | 3 \n' +
    ' --------- \n' +
    ' 4 | 5 | 6 \n' +
    ' --------- \n' +
    ' 7 | 8 | 9 \n')
    
def continueEnd():
    while True:
        continue_end = input("Do you want to start over? (Y/N) -- \t")
        if continue_end.isalpha():
            if continue_end.upper() == 'Y':
                emptyBoard()
                printBoard()
                return False
            elif continue_end.upper() == 'N':
                print("Thank you for playing!")
                return True
            else: 
                print("Contains invalid input.")
                continue
        else:
            print("Contains invalid input.")
            continue

while not gameEnded:
    try:
        move = int(input(currentTurnPlayer + "'s turn, input: "))
    except:
        print("Not a number!")
        continue

    if validateMove(move) == False:
        continue

    markBoard(move, currentTurnPlayer)
    printBoard()

    if checkWin(currentTurnPlayer) == False: #if it hasn't win, switch players
        if checkFull():
            print("Tie!")
            gameEnded = continueEnd()
        else:
            if currentTurnPlayer == 'O':
                currentTurnPlayer = 'X'
            else:
                currentTurnPlayer = 'O'
            continue
    else:
        print("{} wins!".format(currentTurnPlayer))
        # printBoard()
        gameEnded = continueEnd()   

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import sys
name = sys.stdin.readline()
print("Hello "+ name)

About Python

Python is a very popular general-purpose programming language which was created by Guido van Rossum, and released in 1991. It is very popular for web development and you can build almost anything like mobile apps, web apps, tools, data analytics, machine learning etc. It is designed to be simple and easy like english language. It's is highly productive and efficient making it a very popular language.

Tutorial & Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition IF-ELSE is used.

if conditional-expression
    #code
elif conditional-expression
    #code
else:
    #code

Note:

Indentation is very important in Python, make sure the indentation is followed correctly

2. For:

For loop is used to iterate over arrays(list, tuple, set, dictionary) or strings.

Example:

mylist=("Iphone","Pixel","Samsung")
for i in mylist:
    print(i)

3. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while condition  
    #code 

Collections

There are four types of collections in Python.

1. List:

List is a collection which is ordered and can be changed. Lists are specified in square brackets.

Example:

mylist=["iPhone","Pixel","Samsung"]
print(mylist)

2. Tuple:

Tuple is a collection which is ordered and can not be changed. Tuples are specified in round brackets.

Example:

myTuple=("iPhone","Pixel","Samsung")
print(myTuple)

Below throws an error if you assign another value to tuple again.

myTuple=("iPhone","Pixel","Samsung")
print(myTuple)
myTuple[1]="onePlus"
print(myTuple)

3. Set:

Set is a collection which is unordered and unindexed. Sets are specified in curly brackets.

Example:

myset = {"iPhone","Pixel","Samsung"}
print(myset)

4. Dictionary:

Dictionary is a collection of key value pairs which is unordered, can be changed, and indexed. They are written in curly brackets with key - value pairs.

Example:

mydict = {
    "brand" :"iPhone",
    "model": "iPhone 11"
}
print(mydict)

Supported Libraries

Following are the libraries supported by OneCompiler's Python compiler

NameDescription
NumPyNumPy python library helps users to work on arrays with ease
SciPySciPy is a scientific computation library which depends on NumPy for convenient and fast N-dimensional array manipulation
SKLearn/Scikit-learnScikit-learn or Scikit-learn is the most useful library for machine learning in Python
PandasPandas is the most efficient Python library for data manipulation and analysis
DOcplexDOcplex is IBM Decision Optimization CPLEX Modeling for Python, is a library composed of Mathematical Programming Modeling and Constraint Programming Modeling