import pygame
import random

# Initialize the game
pygame.init()

# Set the screen dimensions
screen_width = 800
screen_height = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((screen_width, screen_height))
pygame.display.set_caption('Snake Game')

# Define colors
black = pygame.Color(0, 0, 0)
white = pygame.Color(255, 255, 255)
red = pygame.Color(255, 0, 0)
green = pygame.Color(0, 255, 0)

# Set the snake attributes
snake_pos = [[100, 50], [90, 50], [80, 50]]
snake_body = [100, 50]
snake_speed = 10
direction = "RIGHT"

# Set the food attributes
food_pos = [random.randrange(1, (screen_width//10)) * 10,
            random.randrange(1, (screen_height//10)) * 10]
food_spawn = True

# Set the game clock
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

# Function to display the snake
def show_snake(snake_body):
    for pos in snake_body:
        pygame.draw.rect(screen, green, pygame.Rect(
            pos[0], pos[1], 10, 10))

# Function to display the food
def show_food(food_pos):
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, red, pygame.Rect(
        food_pos[0], food_pos[1], 10, 10))

# Handle the game over scenario
def game_over():
    font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
    text = font.render("Game Over!", True, white)
    screen.blit(text, (screen_width/2 - text.get_width()/2,
                       screen_height/2 - text.get_height()/2))
    pygame.display.flip()
    pygame.time.wait(2000)
    pygame.quit()

# Start the game loop
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            exit(0)
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                direction = "RIGHT"
            elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                direction = "LEFT"
            elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                direction = "UP"
            elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                direction = "DOWN"

    # Update the snake position based on the direction
    if direction == "RIGHT":
        snake_body[0] += snake_speed
    elif direction == "LEFT":
        snake_body[0] -= snake_speed
    elif direction == "UP":
        snake_body[1] -= snake_speed
    elif direction == "DOWN":
        snake_body[1] += snake_speed

    # Insert new snake position at the front
    snake_pos.insert(0, list(snake_body))

    # Check if the snake collided with the food
    if snake_body[0] == food_pos[0] and snake_body[1] == food_pos[1]:
        food_spawn = False
    else:
        snake_pos.pop()

    # Respawn the food at a random position if eaten
    if not food_spawn:
        food_pos = [random.randrange(1, (screen_width//10)) * 10,
                    random.randrange(1, (screen_height//10)) * 10]
    food_spawn = True

    # Fill the screen with black color
    screen.fill(black)

    # Draw the snake and food
    show_snake(snake_pos)
    show_food(food_pos)

    # Game over conditions
    if snake_body[0] < 0 or snake_body[0] > screen_width-10:
        game_over()
    if snake_body[1] < 0 or snake_body[1] > screen_height-10:
        game_over()
    for block in snake_pos[1:]:
        if snake_body[0] == block[0] and snake_body[1] == block[1]:
            game_over()

    # Update the display
    pygame.display.flip()

    # Set the game speed
    clock.tick(30) 

Python Online Compiler

Write, Run & Share Python code online using OneCompiler's Python online compiler for free. It's one of the robust, feature-rich online compilers for python language, supporting both the versions which are Python 3 and Python 2.7. Getting started with the OneCompiler's Python editor is easy and fast. The editor shows sample boilerplate code when you choose language as Python or Python2 and start coding.

Taking inputs (stdin)

OneCompiler's python online editor supports stdin and users can give inputs to programs using the STDIN textbox under the I/O tab. Following is a sample python program which takes name as input and print your name with hello.

import sys
name = sys.stdin.readline()
print("Hello "+ name)

About Python

Python is a very popular general-purpose programming language which was created by Guido van Rossum, and released in 1991. It is very popular for web development and you can build almost anything like mobile apps, web apps, tools, data analytics, machine learning etc. It is designed to be simple and easy like english language. It's is highly productive and efficient making it a very popular language.

Tutorial & Syntax help

Loops

1. If-Else:

When ever you want to perform a set of operations based on a condition IF-ELSE is used.

if conditional-expression
    #code
elif conditional-expression
    #code
else:
    #code

Note:

Indentation is very important in Python, make sure the indentation is followed correctly

2. For:

For loop is used to iterate over arrays(list, tuple, set, dictionary) or strings.

Example:

mylist=("Iphone","Pixel","Samsung")
for i in mylist:
    print(i)

3. While:

While is also used to iterate a set of statements based on a condition. Usually while is preferred when number of iterations are not known in advance.

while condition  
    #code 

Collections

There are four types of collections in Python.

1. List:

List is a collection which is ordered and can be changed. Lists are specified in square brackets.

Example:

mylist=["iPhone","Pixel","Samsung"]
print(mylist)

2. Tuple:

Tuple is a collection which is ordered and can not be changed. Tuples are specified in round brackets.

Example:

myTuple=("iPhone","Pixel","Samsung")
print(myTuple)

Below throws an error if you assign another value to tuple again.

myTuple=("iPhone","Pixel","Samsung")
print(myTuple)
myTuple[1]="onePlus"
print(myTuple)

3. Set:

Set is a collection which is unordered and unindexed. Sets are specified in curly brackets.

Example:

myset = {"iPhone","Pixel","Samsung"}
print(myset)

4. Dictionary:

Dictionary is a collection of key value pairs which is unordered, can be changed, and indexed. They are written in curly brackets with key - value pairs.

Example:

mydict = {
    "brand" :"iPhone",
    "model": "iPhone 11"
}
print(mydict)

Supported Libraries

Following are the libraries supported by OneCompiler's Python compiler

NameDescription
NumPyNumPy python library helps users to work on arrays with ease
SciPySciPy is a scientific computation library which depends on NumPy for convenient and fast N-dimensional array manipulation
SKLearn/Scikit-learnScikit-learn or Scikit-learn is the most useful library for machine learning in Python
PandasPandas is the most efficient Python library for data manipulation and analysis
DOcplexDOcplex is IBM Decision Optimization CPLEX Modeling for Python, is a library composed of Mathematical Programming Modeling and Constraint Programming Modeling