Let us understand the below terms before we get into more details.

1. Operator

An operator is a symbol which has special meaning and performs an operation on single or multiple operands like addition, substraction etc. In the below example, + is the operator.

$x = 10;
$y = 20;
$sum = $x + $y;
print($sum);

Check result here

2. Operand

An operand is what operators are applied on. In the above example x and y are the operands.

Types of Operators in Perl

1. Arithmetic Operators

Perl arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on operands.

Operator	Description	Example
+	Used to perform Addition	8+2 = 10
-	Used to perform Subtraction	12-2 = 10
*	Used to perform Multiplication	5*2 = 10
/	Used to perform Division	100/10 = 10
%	Used to return Remainder	40%10 = 0
**	Used to perform Exponentation	10**2 means 10 to the power of 2

Example

   $x = 90;
   $y = 10;
 
   $sum = $x + $y;
   print ("Sum : " , $sum ,"\n");
   
   $diff = $x - $y;
   print ( "Difference : " , $diff  ,"\n");
   
   $product = $x * $y;
   print ( "Product : " , $product  ,"\n");
   
   $division = $x / $y;
   print ( "Division : " , $division  ,"\n");
   
   $mod = $x % $y;
   print ( "Remainder : " , $mod  ,"\n");
   
   $inc = $x++;
   print ( "x value after incrementing : " , $x  ,"\n");
   
   $dec = $x--;
   print ( "x value after decrementing : " , $x ,"\n");
 
   $pow = $y ** 2;
   print ( "$y to the power of 2 : " , $pow  ,"\n");
   

Check Result here

2. Equality Operators

Equality operators are used to compare two operands.

Operator	Description	Usage
==	Is equal to	x == y
!=	Not equal to	!=x
>	Greater than	x > y
>=	Greater than or equal to	x >= y
<	Less than	x < y
<=	Less than or equal to	x <= y

Example

   $x = 90;
   $y = 10;
   
  if ( $x == $y) {
    print "x and y are equal \n";
  }
  
  if ( $x != $y) {
    print "x and y are not equal \n";
  }
  
  if ( $x > $y) {
    print "x is greater than y \n";
  }
  
  if ( $x < $y) {
    print "x is less than y \n";
  }

Check Result here

3. Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators are used to perform bitwise operations on operands.

Operator	Description	Usage
&	Bitwise AND	($x > $y) & ($y > $z)
`	`	Bitwise OR
^	Bitwise $xOR	($x > $y) ^ ($y > $z)
~	Bitwise NOT	(~$x)
<<	Bitwise Left Shift	$x << $y
>>	Bitwise Right Shift	$x >> $y

4. Logical operators

Below are the logical operators present in Perl.

Operator	Description	Usage
&&	Logical AND	($x > $y) && ($y > $z)
`	`	Logical OR
!	Logical NOT	!($x)

5. Assignment Operators

Below are the assignment operators present in Perl.

Operator	Description	Usage
=	Assign	$x = 10;
+=	Add and assign	$x=10;$x+=30; # x becomes 40
-=	Subtract and assign	$x=40; x-=10; # x becomes 30
*=	Multiply and assign	$x=10; x*=40; # x becomes 400
/=	Divide and assign	$x=100;$x /= 10;# x becomes 10
%=	Modulus and assign	$x=100;$x%=10; # x becomes 0
<<=	Left shift and assign	$x <<= 2 is same as$x = $x << 2
>>=	Right shift and assign	$x >>= 2 is same as$x = $x >> 2
&=	Bitwise and assign	x &= 10 is same as x = $x & 10
^=	Bitwise exclusive OR and assign	$x ^= 10 is same as$x = $x ^ 10
|=	Bitwise inclusive OR and assign	`$x

Example

$x = 10; #assigning 10 to x 
print "x value: $x \n ";
        
$x+=30;
print "x value after += operation: $x \n ";
        
$x-=10;
print "x value after -= operation: $x \n ";
        
$x*=10;
print "x value after *= operation: $x \n ";
        
$x/=10;
print "x value after /= operation: $x \n ";
        
$x%=10;
print "x value after %= operation: $x";   

Check Result here

6. Quote like operators

Operator	Description	Example
q{ }	Encloses the given string within single quotes	q{One Compiler} is same as 'One Compiler'
qq{ }	Encloses the given string within double quotes	qq{One Compiler} is same as "One Compiler"
qx{ }	Encloses the given string within invert quotes	qx{One Compiler} is same as One Compiler