Operator is a symbol which specifies an action. R provides rich built-in operators.

Types of Operators in R

1. Arithmetic Operators

R arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations on operands.

Operator	Description
+	Used to perform Addition
-	Used to perform Subtraction
*	Used to perform Multiplication
/	Used to perform Division
%%	Used to return Remainder
^	used to perform Exponentiation

Example

x <- c (5, 2, 2)
y <- c (7, 3, 9)
cat ("x + y:", x + y, "\n\n")

x <- c (5, 2, 2)
y <- c (7, 3, 9)
cat ("y - x:", y - x, "\n\n")

x <- c (5, 2, 2)
y <- c (7, 3, 9)
cat ("x * y:", x * y, "\n\n")

x <- c (5, 2, 2)
y <- c (7, 3, 9)
cat ("y/x:",  y/x , "\n\n")

x <- c (5, 2, 2)
y <- c (7, 3, 9)
cat ("x %% y :", x %% y, "\n\n")

x <- c (5, 2, 2)
y <- c (7, 3, 9)
cat ("x ^ y:", x ^ y, "\n\n")

Check Result here

2. Relational Operators

R relational operators are used to compare two operands.

Operator	Description	Usage
==	Is equal to	x == y
!=	Not equal to	!=x
>	Greater than	x > y
>=	Greater than or equal to	x >= y
<	Less than	x < y
<=	Less than or equal to	x <= y

Example

x <- c (5, 2, 9)
y <- c (7, 2, 3)

cat("Is x > y: ", x > y, "\n\n")

cat("Is x < y: ", x < y, "\n\n")

cat("Is x >= y: ", x >= y, "\n\n")

cat("Is x <= y: ", x <= y, "\n\n")

cat("Is x != y: ", x != y, "\n\n")

cat("Is x <= y: ", x == y, "\n\n")

Check Result here

3. Logical operators

Below are the logical operators present in the R.

Operator	Description
&	Element wise Logical AND
|	Element wise Logical OR
!	Logical NOT
&&	Logical AND
||	Logical OR

Example

x <- c(7, 1, 0, 0, TRUE, 3+2i)
y <- c(9, 1, 0, 1, FALSE, 2+3i)

cat("x&y:", x&y, "\n\n") 

cat("x|y:", x|y, "\n\n")

cat("!x:", !x, "\n\n")

cat("x&&y:", x&&y, "\n\n") # gives result only for the first element of both vectors

cat("x||y:", x||y, "\n\n")# gives result only for the first element of both vectors

Check Result here

4. Assignment Operators

Below are the assignment operators present in R.

Operator	Description
<- or = or <<-	left assignment operators
-> or ->>	right assignment operators

Example

x <- c(7, 1, 0, 0, TRUE, 3+2i)
y <<- c(9, 1, 0, 1, FALSE, 2+3i)
z = c(5, 2, 3, TRUE)

cat("x:",x,"\n\n")

cat("y:",y,"\n\n")

cat("z:",z,"\n\n")


c(7, 2, 0, 0, TRUE, 5+2i) -> a
c(9, 2, 0, 1, FALSE, 2+3i) ->> b

cat("a:",a,"\n\n")

cat("b:",b,"\n\n")

Check Result here

5. Miscellaneous Operator

Operator type	Description
:	used to create a series of numbers in sequence for a given vector
%in%	used to check if an element belongs to a vector and returns true or false
%*%	used to multiply a matrix with its transpose

Example

x <- 1:10
cat("x:", x, "\n\n")

y <- 7
z <- 19
cat("Is y is in x: ", y %in% x, "\n\n")
cat("Is z is in x: ", z %in% x, "\n\n")

X = matrix( c(1,2,3,4,5,6), nrow = 2,ncol = 3,byrow = TRUE)
m = X %*% t(X)
print(m)

Check Result here

Summary

Operator type	Description
Arithmetic Operator	+ , - , * , / , %%, ^
Relational Operator	< , > , <= , >=, != , ==
Logical Operator	&, |, && , ||, !
Assignment Operator	= , ->, ->>, <-, <<-
Misc Operators	:, %in%, %*%