Strings
Strings can be enclosed with in either single quotes, or double quotes.
Multi-line strings
Multi-line strings should be enclosed within three double quotes or three single quotes.
str = """Line1
line2
line3..."""
[or]
str = '''Line1
line2
line3...'''
Slicing
Below syntax shows how to extract a sub-string.
str[str_index:end_index]
Negative indexing
Negative indexing is used to extract the sub-string from the end.
str[-str_index:-end_index]
String functions
| Method name | Syntax | Description |
|---|---|---|
| strip() | str.strip() | to remove spaces in the given str |
| lstrip() | str.lstrip(characters) | to trim the left side of the given characters in the given string |
| rstrip() | str.rstrip(characters) | to trim the right side of the given characters in the given string |
| lower() or casefold() | str.lower() | to convert string to lowercase, casefold() also can be used to convert the string to lowercase. |
| upper() | str.upper() | to convert the string to upper case |
| replace() | str.replace("str to be replaced","new string to replace") | to replace the specific portion of a string with a new string given to replace |
| split() | str.split("seperator") | to split the string based on the seperator specified |
| len() | len(str) | to return the length of str |
in or not in | substring in str | to check if the substring is present in the given str |
| + | str1 + str2 | to concatenate string 1 and string 2 |
| format() | str.format(num) | to combine string and a number |
| capitalize() or title | str.capitalize() | to Convert first character to upper case, title() also can be used |
| center() | string.center(length, character) | Returns a centered string where length is the length of the returned string and character is optional which specifies the padded character |
| count() | str.count(substr) | to return number of times a specified sub-string occurs in a string |
| encode() | str.encode(encoding=encoding, errors=errors) | to return an encoded version of the string, both the parameters are optional. default encoding is UTF-8, and errors can be backslashreplace, ignore, namereplace, strict, replace, xmlcharrefreplace |
| find() | str.find(substr) | Searches for the sub-stringin the given string and returns the first position of the sub-str in the string given if found. if the sub-string is not found then returns -1 |
| index() | str.index(substr, start, end) | Searches the string for a specified sub-string and returns the position of the first occurence of where the sub-string is found, start specifies the starting position to search and end specifies the end position |
| join() | str.join(array) | Joins all the elements present in the array or a tuple to the end of the string |
| ljust() | str.ljust(length, character) | to return a left justified version of the string, where length of the required string and character is optional which specifies the padded value, by default it is space. |
| rjust() | str.ljust(length, character) | to return a right justified version of the string, where length of the required string and character is optional which specifies the padded value, by default it is space. |
| partition() | str.partition(substr) | to returns an array where the given string is partitioned into three parts based on the substr specidied |
| swapcase() | str.swapcase() | Swaps lower case to upper case and uppercase to lowercase in the given str |
| zfill() | str.zfill(len) | pads the given string with a specified number of zeros at the beginning |
String boolean methods
| Method name | Syntax | Description |
|---|---|---|
| isalnum() | str.isalnum() | Returns True only if all characters in the given string are alphanumeric |
| isalpha() | str.isalpha | Returns True if all characters in the given string are alphabets |
| isdecimal() | str.isdecimal() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are decimals |
| isdigit() | str.isdigit() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are digits |
| isidentifier() | str.isidentifier() | Returns True if the given string is an identifier |
| islower() | str.islower() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are in lower case |
| isnumeric() | str.isnumeric() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are numeric |
| isprintable() | str.isprintable() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are printable |
| isspace() | str.isspace() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are whitespaces |
| istitle() | str.istitle() | Returns True if the given string follows the rules of a title |
| isupper() | str.isupper() | Returns True if all characters in the given string are upper case |
| endswith() | str.endswith(value, start, end) | Returns true if the string ends with the value given and start indicates the starting position of the search and end indicates the end position |
| startswith() | str.startswith(value, start, end) | Returns true if the string starts with the value given and start indicates the starting position of the search and end indicates the end position |